Chlorine chlorate

Chemical Production. Electrolytic production of chemicals is conducted either by solution (water) electrolysis or fused-salt electrolysis. Fluorine, chlorine, chlorate, and manganese dioxide are Hberated from water solutions magnesium and sodium are generated from molten salt solutions. 

These include chlorine, chlorate, Brocat (air) and H2O2. 

Carlson, R.C. (1998) Paper presented at the 14th Annual Chlorine-Chlorate Seminar, Eltech Systems Corp., Chardon, OH. 

Liederbach, T.A. (1991) Unpublished remarks. Electrode Corporation Chlorine/Chlorate Seminar, Cleveland, OH. 

Matousek, R.M. Romine, R.L. (1998) New and Improved Diaphragm Cell Hardware Designs. ELECTRODE Corporation Chlorine/Chlorate Seminar. 

Kazimir, E.S. (1999) Monopolar Cathode Design Improvements and Other Diaphragm Cell Component Advances. ELTECH Systems Corporation, Chlorine/Chlorate Seminar. 

Other commercially important inorganic chemicals that can be made electrolytically include caustic soda and chlorine, chlorate and perchlorate salts (Chapter 12), potassium dichromate (K2Cr207), manganese dioxide, and potassium permanganate.16... 

Since other oxidizing agents, such as chlorine, chlorates, bromates, etc., will respond to this test, it is of more value, as a negative test, and fairly positive, because the oxidizing substances mentioned are not likely to be found in trinitrotoluene. A pale blue color is not confirmative the color should be a deep blue. 

Activated carbon has long been used as an effective means of removing organics, chlorine, chlorates, other chlorine compounds and objectionable tastes and odors. The organics removed include pesticides, herbicides and industrial solvents for which activated carbon has diverse capacity. T ypically, carbon filters are operated at a flow rate of 1 -2 gpm/ft of activated carbon. 

J.J. Kaczur, K.E. Woodard, Jr. and C.J. Rolison, Electrochemical production methods of HC103 (Review), Electrode corporation 10th Annual Chlorine/Chlorate Seminar, Cleveland, Ohio, Sep. 20-22, 1994. 

R.C. Carlson, The Effect of Brine Impurities on DSA Electrodes, 14th Annual Chlorine/Chlorate Seminar, ELTECH Systems Corp., Cleveland,OH (1998). 

L.C. Curlin and E.S. Kazimir, Diaphragm Depositing and Cell Renewal Fundamentals, in Electrode Corporation s 12th Annual Chlorine/Chlorate Seminar, 1966, Cleveland, Ohio. 

H. Obanawa, Effect of Brine Impurities and Blisters and Membrane Service Life. In ELTECH s 16th Annual Chlorine/Chlorate Seminar, ELTECH Systems Corporation, Cleveland, OH (2000). 

T. A. Liederbach, Brine Purification Systems forChlor-Alkali Plants, NinthAnnual Electrode Corporation Chlorine/Chlorate Industry Seminar, Oeveland, OH (1993). 

R. F. Zeller, J. P. DeJac, B. B. Guildin, M. J. Korzeuk, and G. J. Garzon, Demonstrating Non-Ideal Solution Behavior of NCI3 in Liquid Chlorine and Its Application to Chlorine Vaporizers, Sixteenth Annual Chlorine/Chlorate Seminar, Cleveland, OH (1999). 

R. W. Herbert, Selection of Appropriate Materials of Construction in the Chlor-Alkali Plant, Fourth Annual Electrode Corporation Chlorine/Chlorate Seminar, Chardon, OH (1987). 

Ruthenium is not as industrially important as other noble metals, but it is used as Ru02 to coat the dimensionally stable titanium anodes used in the production of chlorine, chlorate, and caustic, as well as oxygen in water electrolysis. Ruthenium has also found some use as a binder for high-temperature cemented carbides. 

O Brien, T. F., "Emergency Vent Scrubbing S)rsteins— Design Operation Hazard Analysis," Electrode Corp. Chlorine/Chlorate Seminar, Cleveland, 1991. 

Dimensional stable anodes (DSAs). The unique electrochemical properties of the titanium DSA make it the most energy efficient unit for the production of chlorine, chlorate, and hypochlorite. 

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