Chlorinations alcohols

PCI5 chlorinates alcohols to alkyl halides and carboxylic acids to the corresponding RCOCl. When heated with NH4CI the phosphonitrilic chlorides are obtained (p. 536). These and other reactions are summarized in the diagram. 

The next calculation attempts what has always been considered the most difficult problem that will be encountered In a mixture, namely, distinguishing singly and multiply substituted spectra. For this calculation, we have chosen the aromatic alcohols, chlorides and chlorinated alcohols. 

Next to the above presented use of SiCl for the in situ preparation of a Lewis acid catalyst with a Lewis base for the aldol reaction, it is possible to apply this compound as a reagent in the ring opening of epoxides leading to chlorinated alcohols. Denmark [104] reported that the chiral phosphoramide 38 catalyzed the asymmetric ring opening reaction of meso-epoxides in the presence of tetrachlo-rosilane. Similar examples were provided by Hashimoto in 2002 [105], applying the A -oxide 39 as catalyst (Scheme 30). 

The tables here are organized as follows first come the derivatives of aliphatic alcohols (n-, i-, s-, t-, c-R for each homologue), then phenols (positioned according to the increase in the number of substituents in the cycle), naphtols, unsaturated, fluorinated, chlorinated alcohols, silanols, polyatomic alcohols (glycols, pinacols, glycerin, pyrocatechol). 

The off-gas from a chloral production unit contains 15 vol % Cl 75 vol % HC1, and 10 vol % EtCl2. This gas is produced at a rate of 150 cfm based on 70°F and 2 psig. It has been proposed to recover part of the Cl, by absorption and reaction in a partially chlorinated alcohol (PCA). The off-gas is to pass continuously through a packed absorption tower counter-current to the PCA, where Cl, is absorbed and partially reacts with the PCA. The gas leaving the top of the tower passes through an alcohol condenser and thence to an existing HC1 recovery unit. 

Wise has recently suggested that fundamental studies on holocellulose should now be undertaken. He proposes that holocellulose prepared by both the chlorite procedure and the chlorine-alcohol-ethanolamine technique should be methylated, and the products fractionated and methanolyzed according to the established techniques of carbohydrate chemistry. 

Groll and Hearne obtained a variety of diepoxides from chlorinated alcohols. 

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