Chlor-alkali electrosynthesis

Today, a large number of important technologies are based on or related to electrodes reactions. Besides the chlor-alkali and aluminium industries, energy conversion in batteries and fuel cells, electrodeposition, electrorefining, organic electrosynthesis, industrial and biomedical sensors, corrosion and corrosion protection, etc. are amogst those technologies. In many of them, kinetic, catalytic or specificity aspects of electrode processes are of enormous importance. 

Electrosynthesis with Perfluorinated Ionomer Membranes in Chlor-Alkali Cells... 

The chlorine electrode reaction the electrosynthesis of Cl2 and sodium hydroxide (chlor-alkali industry)... 

R.L. Dotson and K.E. Woodard, Electrosynthesis with Perfluorinated lonomer Membranes in Chlor-Alkali Cells. In A. Eisenberg and H.L. Yeager (eds), Perfluorinated lonomer Membranes, ACS Symposium Series, 180, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C (1982), p. 311. 

Paired synthesis. Paired electrochemical syntheses are processes in which both the anode and cathode reactions simultaneously contribute to the formation of the final products. The classic example is the simultaneous production of chlorine and sodium hydroxide in the chlor-alkali industry. Paired electrosynthesis can be generally classified in terms of the following ... 

Published experimental smdies of the FM21 cell are fewer in number but include comparisons of mass transport in the FMO1 and FM21 cells [48,49]. In addition to operation in the chlor-alkali industry [50], the electrolyzer has been used for diverse applications including the removal of nitrate from nuclear waste streams [51], the destruction of contaminated solids via silver(ll) [52,53], and the electrosynthesis of a pharmaceutical intermediate [54]. 

As mentioned above, perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes like Nation (Dupont) are CEMs of very high chemical and thermal stability. In a highly sophisticated composition, such membranes are used as separators in industrial chlor-alkali electrolysis. Most research in the area of SPE electrosynthesis has also been done using Nation membranes. 

This chapter aims at describing the main issues for the activation of molecular and atomic oxygen in electrochemical processes. The electroreduction of molecular oxygen has important applications in the energy conversion domain (i.e. fuel cells and metal-air batteries), in electrosynthesis reactors and in the chlor-alkali process. 

The electrocatalytic activation of oxygen is of great importance in several electrochemical systems and processes such as fuel cells, metal-air batteries, the chlor-alkali process," electrosynthesis reactors, etc. 

Oxygen activation is involved in many electrochemical processes such as fuel cell cathodes, metal-air batteries, chlor-alkali processes, electrosynthesis reactors, etc. It also has an important role in the field of metallic corrosion. The knowledge of the adsorption and charge transfer mechaiusm of oxygenating species is then of great importance either for improving the efficiency of the electrochemical devices (electric generators, synthesis reactors, etc.) or to protect metal from oxidation. In... 

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