Children status epilepticus

Absence seizures Febrile seizures in children Status epilepticus Absence seizures Tonic-clonic seizures... 

Antiepilepsy drugs principles of management withdrawal of therapy pregnancy teratogenic effects epilepsy in children status epilepticus... 

A 10-year-old child had status epilepticus controlled with a combination of valproate, oxcarbazepine, and 48 hours of propofol infusion in a dose of 5.5 mg/kg/ hour. After weaning from propofol, a classic ketogenic diet was instituted in an attempt to provide long-term control of the seizures. A day later status epilepticus recurred and propofol was restarted at a rate of 6-9 mg/ kg/hour to suppress seizure activity (the diet, valproate, and oxcarbazepine were also continued). Shortly thereafter, he developed the classical constellation of malignant ventricular arrhythmias, hyperlipidemia, rhabdomyolysis, lactic acidosis, and biventricular cardiac failure. He did not survive. 

No. Antipyretics may make the child feel more comfortable, but there is no evidence that they reduce the incidence or severity of febrile convulsions. Anticonvulsants certainly have no role to play. If a febrile convulsion does happen they are generally tonic or tonic-clonic and last just a couple of minutes. If they were to continue for longer than 5 minutes then conventional treatment for status epilepticus should be used (rectal diazepam or buccal midazolam). 

Also if the fit results in a fall, there may be injury to the foetus or a miscarriage could occur. In addition, sudden withdrawal of the drug could cause status epilepticus, seizures which follow one another without return of consciousness. This is a medical emergency and can result in serious consequences for both mother and child. Therefore, Rose should continue with her medication under supervision. 

A child presented at 12 months of age with status epilepticus, sustained ventricular tachycardia, and a positive urine screen for cocaine. At 22 months he returned with a cardiac arrest, a history of a fall, a head injury, and a positive test for cocaine in the urine. He died soon after. 

An 8-year-old child given an incorrect dose of quinine had ventricular tachycardia and status epilepticus after 48 hours the plasma quinine concentration was 20 pg/ml (SEDA-18, 288), compared with the target range of 1.9-4.9 pg/ml. 

Piccinelli P, Borgatti R, Perucca E, Tofani A, Donati G, Balottin U. Frontal nonconvulsive status epilepticus associated with high-dose tiagabine therapy in a child with familial bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria. Epilepsia 2000 41(ll) 1485-8. 

It was in the fall of 1960, that a child from Milwaukee, Oregon, picked several mushrooms from grassy soil below a cluster of conifers. Having eaten the mushrooms, the child experienced cramps and a high fever. Similar to a condition described as "status epilepticus ", the symptoms were treated by medications, with... 

Recently it was described that an 11-year-old boy who developed status epilepticus after a prolonged right-side simple partial motor seizure, which was unresponsive to long-term aggressive treatment with several AEDs [51]. The control of seizures was achieved at a plasma valproic acid level of 108 pg/ml, but electrical status epilepticus persisted, and the child remained comatose. On day 37, a treatment with verapamil (a calcium L-channel blocker) was started, and 1.5 h after the initiation of the infusion, the patient regained consciousness, breathed spontaneously, and the electrical status promptly disappeared. The authors suggested that verapamil, a... 

Appleton R, Sweeney A, Choonaral, etal. Lorazepam versus diazepam in the acute treatment of epileptic seizures and status epilepticus. Dev Med Child Neurol 1995 37 682-688. 

Koul RL, Aithala GR, Chacko A, et al. Continuous midazolam infusion as treatment of status epilepticus. Arch Dis Child 1997 76 445 48. 

Chez MG, Hammer MS, Loeffel M, et al. Clinical experience of three pediatric pahents and one adult case of spike and wave status epilepticus treated with injectable valproic acid. J Child Neurol 1999 14 239-242. 

Wilmshurst JM, van der Walt JS, Ackermann S, Karlsson MO, Blockman M. Rescue therapy with high-dose oral phenobarbitone loading for refractory status epilepticus. J Paediatr Child Health 2010 46(1-2) 17-22. 

Toxicity Although there have been no adult reports of vilazodone poisoning, a case of vilazodone ingestion in a child who developed status epilepticus and other symptoms indicative of serotonin excess has been published [93 ]. 

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