Child refugees

Sack, W.H., Seely, J.R., and Clarke, G.N. (1997) Does PTSD transcend cultural barriers A study from the Khmer Adolescent Refugee Report. / Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36 49—54. 

Some children are exposed to toxic chemicals or to hazardous environments in unique circumstances. There is a need to understand chemical exposures and other health stressors in special settings in the world (child labourers, street children, refugees). Globally, millions of children live under these conditions. Currently, data on children s exposures are inadequate to effectively assess multimedia and multiroute exposures in order to conduct child-protective risk assessments. The limited exposure data that are available have focused on children in developed countries, and information on the levels of chemical exposures in children in developing countries is generally lacking. 

Achvarina, V., and Reich, S. (2006) No Place to Hide Refugees, Displaced Persons, and the Recruitment of Child Soldiers. International Security 31(1) 127-64. 

Almqvist, K., and Brandell-Forsberg, M. (1997) Refugee Children in Sweden Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Iranian Preschool Children Exposed to Organized Violence. Child Abuse Neglect 21 351-66. 

Bhabha, J., and Young, W. (1999) Not Adults in Miniature Unaccompanied Child Asylum Seekers and the New US Guidelines. International Journal of Refugee Law 11(1) 84-125. 

Fantino, A. M., and Colak, A. (2001) Refugee Children in Canada Searching for Identity. Child Welfare 80(5) 587-96. 

Happold, M. (2002) Excluding Children from Refugee Status Child Soldiers and Article IF of the Refugee Convention. American University International Law Review 17(6) 1131-76. 

Guamaccia, P. J., Lopez, S. (1998). The mental health and adjustment of immigrant and refugee children. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 7(3), 537-553. 

---