Chemomechanical systems

Osada, Y. Conversion of Chemical Into Mechanical Energy by Synthetic Polymers (Chemomechanical Systems). Vol. 82, pp. 1—47. 

Y Osada. Conversion of chemical into mechanical energy by synthetic polymers (chemomechanical systems). Adv Polym Sci 81 1-46, 1987. 

Reports of building up two-dimensional polymers have been published by several research groups [9-12]. Additional reports [13-15] and a review [16] have appeared on stimuli-responsive polymer gels and their application to chemomechanical systems. The preparation and application of new monosized polymer particles have been reviewed [17]. 

Chemomechanical systems based on a synthetic polymer network gel are the only artificial systems able to convert chemical energy directly into mechanical work. Gels are soft with respect to their environments. Machines made of metal or silicon operate as closed systems. They do not adapt to changes in their operating conditions unless a separate sensor system or a human operator is at the controls. 

Chemomechanical Systems for Energy Conversion SISTEMS WITH SELF-ORGANIZATION... 

Chemomechanical Systems for Energy Conversion Table 4.5. Some of environmental stimuli applied to the smart polymers [113]... 

Extraction and separation processes using chemomechanical systems... 

The controlled release of drugs can be realised with many types of active devices, such as mechanical and osmotic pumps, systems of controlled diffusion, chemically-controlled systems composed from bio- or non-biodegradable polymers, magnetically-controlled systems, and not in the last instance chemomechanical systems. Figure 4.39 [136, 137]. 

Figure 4.39. Comparative schematic representation of the classical systems of drugs controlled release and the corresponding chemomechanical systems [137].

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