Chemical PEDOT

LAJs incorporating polymer films on top of the organic SAMs showed that these junctions allow for studying the correlation between electrical properties and chemical structure. Both de Boer et al. [80] (Fig. 7) and Rampi et al. [79], by spin-coating respectively PEDOT PSS and PPV on top of alkane SAMs, extracted from the electrical measurement [i = 0.57 A-1 and [j = 0.90 A-1. Rampi et al. also showed that it is possible to measure electrical properties of polyphenyl chains with a [1 0.61 A, and that the PPV polymer layer is much more conductive that... 

Fig. 2 UV-Vis spectra of monomers EDOT and pyrrole, and polymers PEDOT, polypyrrole and PEDOT-co-polypyrrole. (Reprinted with permission from Bruno et al. [37]. 2006, American Chemical Society)...

The -conjugated polyselenophene named PEDOS (182) the analog of poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) [281], one of the most successful conductive polymers, was obtained from 3,4-ethylenedioxyselenophene (89) using different polymerization techniques. These were oxidative chemical polymerization, solid-state polymerization, transition metal-mediated polymerization, and electrochemical polymerization (Scheme 46) [293, 294], The derivatives of PEDOS having the... 

The introduction of bridging groups on the thiophene ring modifies the physical and chemical properties of the polymers obtained. The energy of the optical absorption is reduced in FEDOT, Fig. 9.2(k), and poly(ijothia-naphthalene), (PITN) (Wudl et al., 1984), so that in the conductive state thin films are transparent. PEDOT shows high electrochemical stability in the oxidised state and, when combined with poly(styrenesulphonic acid) counter ions, can be processed from aqueous solution. 

CVD = chemical vapor deposition DH = double heterostructure H = homojunction device ITO = indium tin oxide LEDs = light emitting diodes LPE = liquid phase epitaxy MBE = molecular beam epitaxy MOCVD = metal organic chemical vapor deposition PPV = p-phenylenevinyl-ene PEDOT = polyethylene dioxythiophene TFEL = Thin film electroluminescent VPE = vapor phase epitaxy. 

FIGURE 5.13. Chemical structures of the undoped forms of (a) poly aniline and (b) PEDOT. 

Figure 6. Tubular portion of PEDOT nanostructures vs. applied potential for various monomer concentrations. Monomer concentration does not affect the tubular portion at very low oxidation potentials. Courtesy of II Cho et al. Reprinted with permission from II Cho and Lee. 216 Copyright 2008 American Chemical Society.

Figure 10. SEM image of M11O2/PEDOT nanowires deposited at 0.75 V (a), TEM image of a nanowire (b), EDS elemental maps for S and Mn [(c) and (d)], and PEDOT shell thickness variations as a function of potential (e) (Scale bar 50 nm). Courtesy of Liu et al. Reprinted with permission from Liu and Lee.220 Copyright 2008 American Chemical Society.

Figure 8.10 PEDOT enzymatic polymerization by using terthiophene as substrate/redox mediator (Reproduced with permission from [86]. Copyright (2008) American Chemical Society).

Fig. 9.16 Performance of blue-emitting OLEDs based on crosslinked hole-transport layers (X-HTL) and a spirobifluorene-cofluorene derivative (PI [41]). The devices had the general structure ITO/X-HTL (x nm)/P1 (80-x nm)/Ca (100 nm), the reference device ITO/PEDOT (30 nm)/Pl (80 nm)/Ca (100 nm). Left voltage dependency of the current and the efficiency. Right Dependence of the maximum efficiency on the thickness of the X-HTL. The numbers indicate the voltage at which the maximum occurs. The chemical structure of the crosslinkable hole conductor used in this study is shown as an inset.

Fig. 9.17 Performance of a device ITO/PEDOT (30 nm)/x-HTL1 (20 nm)/x-HTL2 (20 nm)/ PVK PBD lr(mppy)3/LiF/AI. The chemical structures of the green-emitting phosphor and both crosslinkable hole conductors are shown as inserts, respectively [43].

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