Chemical Looping in Dense Membrane Reactors

In all previous chemical looping-based concepts, the solid oxygen carrier is in the form of (in some designs circulated and in other designs stationary) particles. 

Since the membrane conducts oxygen ions, in the great majority of the cases through a mechanism involving anion vacancy diffusion, an equivalent counterflux of electrons should take place for charge neutrality membrane materials should be mked conductors. Perovskite-type mixed-conducting materials are considered suitable candidates for use in dense membrane reactor chemical looping processes, since they fulfill most of the required characteristics. 

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