Chemical and Biochemical Kinetics

In general, bioreactions can occur in either a homogeneous hquid phase or in heterogeneous phases including gas, hquid, and/or sohd. Reactions with particles of catalysts, or of immobilized enzymes and aerobic fermentation with oxygen supply, represent examples of reactions in heterogeneous phases. 

In this chapter we provide the fundamental concepts of chemical and biochemical kinetics that are important for understanding the mechanisms of bioreactions and also for the design and operation of bioreactors. First, we shall discuss general chemical kinetics in a homogeneous phase and then apply its principles to enzymatic reactions in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. 

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As is clear from Eqn. (28), there are two kinds of parameters in the Power-Law Formalism multiplicative and exponential. These are familiar from chemical and biochemical kinetics and are referred to as rate constants and kinetic orders, respectively. 

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