Charge-driven fragmentation

F.-F. Hsu, J. Turk, Charge-driven fragmentation processes in diacyl GPA upon low-energy CID. A mechanistic proposal, J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 11 (2000) 797. 

Ivanova, P.T., Cerda, B.A., Horn, D.M., Cohen, J.S., McLafferty, FW. and Brown, H.A., Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis of changes in phospholipids in RBL-2H3 mastocytoma cells during degranulation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 98, 7152-7157 (2001). Hsu, F.F and Turk, J., Charge-driven fragmentation processes in diacyl glycerophosphatidic acids upon low-energy collisional activation. A mechanistic proposal. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 11, 797-803 (2000). 

Boutin, M. Bich, C. Afonso, C. Fournier, E Tabet, J.-C. Negative-charge driven fragmentations for evidencing zwitterionic forms from doubly charged coppered peptides. 7. Mass Spectrom. 2007,42,25-35. 

In the negative-ion mode, charge-driven fragmentations are the major processes, and the gas-phase basicity of the precursor ions is the determinant that leads to the loss of the... 

Hsu, F.F., and Ihrk, J. (2000) Charge-remote and charge-driven fragmentation processes in diacyl glycerophosphoethanolamine upon low-energy colhsional activation A mechanistic proposal. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 11,892-899. 

A possible form of coupling between membrane growth and template replication is assumed to proceed as follows. PNA molecules are planned to carry photosensitiser molecules. PNA acts as a catalyst for the light-driven fragmentation of the lipid and template monomer precursors. It is also assumed that certain PNA sequences provide the efficient charge transfer system necessary to realise the dynamic coupling. 

Explosive Driven Anchor. Accdg to Goodyear Aerospace Corp of Akron, Ohio, 44315, expl driven anchors were proposed to be used to moor a very large balloon. Periodically die balloon must be moved and anchored with extreme rapidity with emphasis on anchoring the balloon securely in the shortest time possible. The expl driven anchor concept appears to be the most expeditious means for this task. The anchor must be capable of being driven into all types of soil and sustain a 1000 pound pull for a period of 48 hours. Fragmentation cannot be tolerated upon actuation of the expl charge... 

Some ten persons were brought to the proving ground, were tied to stakes which had previously been driven into the ground five metres apart, and a fragmentation bomb was exploded by electric current fifty metres away from them. A number of the experimenters were injured by bomb splinters and simultaneously, as I afterwards learned, infected with anthrax since the bomb was charged with these bacteria. ... 

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