Cesium partitioning

Siegel LS, Alshawabkeh AN and Hamilton MA (2002) Modeling cesium partitioning in the rhizo-sphere In Wetlands and Remediation. Battelle Press, Columbus, pp. 73-81. 

Mysen B. O. (1977b). Experimental determination of cesium, samarium and thulium partitioning between hydrous liquid, garnet peridotite minerals and pargasite. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Yb., 76 588-594. 

Aloy, A. S., Iskhakova, O. A., Koltsova, T. I. Trofimenko, A. V. 1998. Glass waste form performance for disposal of the cesium and strontium concentrate resulting from the partitioning of HLW. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 506, 901-906. 

Values a and b for the fission product isotopes and the partition factors ai and a2 are listed in Table V au for a given isotope, is the fraction which was retained by the local fallout glass particles, and < > is the fraction released to the cloud. Thus, from Table V, i137 is 0.153 which indicates that 15.3% of the 137Cs is retained by the local glass particles. It is interesting to note that the independent yield of cesium in the 137 mass chain is approximately 17%—the balance of the chain is formed as tellurium, iodine, and xenon. 

Here, P s and /<. s are the cesium permeability in the ith transport experiment and in the first run, respectively, and R = (Vfeed+ Vslnp)/VSLM, Vfeed, Vstrip, and VSLM are the volumes of feed and stripping aqueous phases and the volume of organic phase in the membrane, respectively. Kp is the apparent partition constant of the carrier between the SLM and both aqueous and stripping solutions. Values of this apparent partition constant can be deduced via linear regression of log PCs versus (i-1). They are equal to 128,100, 29,100, 106,700, and 295,000, respectively, for decyl-benzo-21-crown-7, calix[4]arene-bis(crown-6), calix[4]arene-bis(benzo-crown-6), and calix[4]arene-bis(naphtho-crown-6). Calix[4]arene-bis(crown-6) rapidly leaked off the membrane... 

Zhang proposed the chromatographic partitioning of cesium from HN03 (4 M) to implement the calixarene MC9 with TBP immobilized on a macroporous silica-based polymeric composite.104 The authors do not explain the choice of the calixarene MC9, more difficult to synthesize than classical dipropoxy or octyloxy calix[4]... 

Experiments suggested a potential cesium-stripping problem in the CSSX process due to the presence of nitrite in the waste stimulant. The true reason for the cesium-stripping problem was, in fact, the presence of surfactant (sodium mono- and dimethyl naphthalene sulfonate) that can partition into the organic phase on extraction and then retain cesium upon stripping. To overcome this drawback, the authors proposed a caustic wash with a moderate concentration of sodium hydroxide sufficient to remove enough of these lipophilic anions to rejuvenate the solvent, therefore,... 

US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (1999b) Understanding variation in partition coefficient, Kd, values Volume II. Review of geochemistry and available Kd values for cadmium, cesium, chromium, lead, plutonium, radon, strontium, thorium, tritium (3H) and uranium. Prepared for the EPA by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. 

Typical effects of the separation methods on the partition coefficient have been studies by Calmano (1979). Data from radionuclide analysis in Table 4-2 indicate that distribution coefficients between solid and aqueous phases generally are higher from filtration methods than from centrifuge separation for cesium and chromium the difference is a factor of about 10, for iron even higher. 

After termination of the experiment, the containment atmosphere contained only a comparatively small fraction of the fission products iodine and cesium. From these data, iodine partition coefficients between sump water and gas phase in the range 10 to 10 were calculated, which are comparatively high values when one considers that the sump water consisted solely of condensed steam and, consequently, had a pH of about 7. Obviously, a large fraction of the initial h was... 

Coated particle waste is especially effective for immobilizing cesium, which readily leaches from glassified waste because of its high solubility and tendency to partition into leachable phases. 

The exchange equilibrium constant T (Cs/M) involves a solution of cesium dicarbolide, denoted by CsB, dissolved in the organic phase contacted with an aqueous solution of the cation M and some hydrophilic anion, such as nitrate, for exchange partition equilibrium to be attained, at which stage K (Cs/M) = K °The values of A G (7) for two solvents,... 

As shown in Figure 5, repeated cesium p ansport experiments showed that 2 rapidly leached out of the SLMs < 0.1 cm.h afrer 15 runs), because of its low partition constants between 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (2-NPOE) and the aqueous solutions. Very good stability and efficiency were observed with the more lipophilic compounds 5 and 6, for which the cesium permeability coefficients were 5 times higher than those of the crown ether 8 even when the concentration of the crown ether was 50 times higher in 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (2-NPOE). 

Debye temperature. If the atoms have similar dimensions, as is the case with potassium chloride, we choose a single Debye temperature if, however, the ions have very different dimensions - as is the case, for instance, with cesium fluoride or lithium iodide - we choose two values of the Debye temperature. The partition function and the internal energy then contain either one or two Debyean terms, depending on the case. 

Rogers, R. D. Bridges, N. J. Holbrey, J. D. Luo, H. Dai, S. Bonnesen, P. V. (2004). The role of ion exchange vs solvent extraction processes in metal ion partitioning in ionic liquid/aqueous systems Cesium extractions with calix[4]arene-bis(tert-octylbenzo-crown-6) in imidazolium bistrifylimide ionic liquids. 227American-Chemical Society, pp. 227-IEC, Anaheim, CA, Mar 28-Apr 01, Amer Chemical Soc. 

Levitskaia, T.G. Maya, L. van Berkel, G.J. Moyer, B. A. (2007) Anion Partitioning and Ion-Pairing Behavior of Anions in the Extraction of Cesium Salts by 4,5"-Bis(ferf-octylbenzo)dibenzo-24-crown-8 in 1,2-Dichloroethane, Inorg. Chem., 46 261-272. 

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