Cerate oxidation

Isothermal Calorimetry of Hexanitratoammonium Cerate Oxidation of Products from 1-Octene and 10-Undecenoic Acid. The heat developed in the oxidation of ethyl 10-ethoxydecanoate 10-hydroperoxide in ethanol is shown in Figure 1. Samples of 10% solutions of peroxide in ethanol were used with 5-ml. aliquots of 0.1465N cerate in 25 ml. of ethanol. The intersection of the two lines shows a ratio of 1.04 moles of peroxide per equivalent of cerium and maximum heat evolution of 42 kcal. per equivalent of cerium. Similar plots were made for the reaction of the corresponding methoxyhydroperoxide in ethanol (1.10 equivalents, 47 kcal.) and in methanol (1.08 equivalents, 45 kcal.). 1-Ethoxyheptane-1-hydroperoxide was oxidized in acetone (0.98 equivalent, 36 kcal.), in... 

Transesterification. The product obtained from cerate oxidation of the methoxyhydroperoxide from 1-octene in ethanol contained methyl heptanoate but no ethyl heptanoate, and the oxidation product of the ethoxyhydroperoxide in methanol contained ethyl heptanoate but no methyl heptanoate. 

Katz, S. and Pitt, W.W. (1972), A new versatile and sensitive monitoring system for liquid chromatography cerate oxidation and fluorescence measurement. Anal. Lett., 5,177. 

A second class of membranes are described as dense membranes. They may consist of thin plates of metals (Pd and its alloys, Ag and some alloys) or oxides (stabilized zirconia or bismuth oxides, cerates). These membranes are permeable to atomic (for metals) or ionic (for oxides) forms of hydrogen or oxygen and have been studied, especially, in conjunction with chemical... 

Oxidation-Reduction Titrations. The extent of reduction resulting from reaction of niobium (V) chloride and bromide with pyridine was determined by indirect titration of crude reaction mixtures with standard ammonium tetrasulfato-cerate(IV) solution. Samples were stirred overnight in a stoppered flask with an excess of iron (III) ammonium sulfate. Any iron (II) formed by reaction with the niobium complex mixture was then titrated with the standard tetrasulfato-cerate(IV) solution using ferroin as indicator. Results of these determinations are given in Table III. 

An approach to a prostaglandin intermediate employed a cyclopropanol oxidation with a mixed chro-mate/cerate reagent shown in equation (26), but the yield was unacceptably low. Although no information on the selectivity is available, the trans stereochemistry of oxidative cleavage in the reported product is of note. In these more complex substrates, side reactions and low yields plague the reaction, which will see only limited use in synthesis unless a better reagent system is developed. 

The energy of oxidation is initially trapped as a high-energy phosphate compound and then used to form ATP. The oxidation energy of a carbon atom is hansformed into phosphoryl transfer potenhal, first as 1,3-bisphosphogly cerate and ultimately as ATP. We will consider these reachons in mechanishc detail in Sechon 16.1.5. 

Synthesize cerate and zirconate proton-conducting oxides from the component oxides. 

Consequently, we are in the startup phase of our program. Our first task was to identify candidate perovskite oxide materials with high protonic conductivities. We have identified ytterbium doped strontium cerate and yttrium doped strontium zirconate materials as possible electrolyte materials. Barium cerate perovskites exhibit higher protonic conductivity, but the reactivity with carbon dioxide would require pretreatment of the steam. 

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