Central nervous system -specific detection methods

As would be expected, most effort has been most focused on the detection of nonmuscle tissue that is related to the enforcement of human health and food safety. To enable effective enforcement and removal of SRM, there has been a need for the development of robust CNS (central nervous system)-specific detection methods that are applicable to a wide range of processed meat products. In the case of non-DNA-based techniques, methods for the detection of CNS tissue in meat include direct tissue examination (Bauer et al., 1996), histological preparation and microscopic examination (USDA-FSIS, 1998), and the analysis of cholesterol content (LiickeretaL, 1999 Schmidt et al., 1999). 

Abdulmawjood A, Schonenbriicher H, Biilte M (2005). Novel molecular method for detection of bovine-specific central nervous system tissues as bovine spongiform encephalopathy risk material in meat and meat products. J. Mol Diagn., 7 368-374. 

The application of immunocytochemistry to ammo acid transmitter systems m the central nervous system has provided valuable information on the cellular and subcellular locations of these transmitter systems It is particularly suited to the detection of the GABA system, and this topic forms the focal point of the chapter on immunocytochemical techniques. Although the im-munocytochemical approach is extremely valuable m specific situations, the method is of limited applicability m the amino acid field, only the GABA and taurine systems having been mapped by these procedures. 

Borreliosis is a disease that frequently and typically affects both the central and peripheral nervous systems (Table 13 for a historical overview, see Table 14). Owing to the frequent occurrence in our area, it is possible to observe highly variable clinical manifestations as well as different types of pathological appearances in cerebrospinal fluid. Current methods used in neuroborreliosis diagnosis include the evaluation of specific antibodies IgM, IgG detected by ELISA, Western blot, and PCR. 

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