Cellulose esters viscosity blending

Figure 5. Cellulose ester viscosity blending chart.

Viscosity Blending. As shown in Table I, a wide range of cellulose esters are commercially available. Each type may be identified by acetyl content alone, as in the case of cellulose acetate, or, for mixed esters, by the weight percent of the ester contributed by butyryl or propionyl groups following acylation. Further... 

Phosphate esters (alkyl or aryl, or mixed) of phosphoric acid constitute an important family of organophosphorus flame retardants.25 Triethylphosphate, a colorless liquid boiling between 209°C and 218°C, and containing 17 wt % phosphorus, has been used commercially as an additive for polyester resins/laminates and in cellulosics. In polyester resins, it functions as a viscosity depressant as well as a flame retardant. Trioctylphosphate is employed as a speciality flame-retardant plasticizer for vinyl composites where low temperature flexibility is critical. It can be also included in blends, along with general purpose plasticizers, such as phthalate esters, to improve low temperature flexibility. 

Shampoos normally contain a blend of cleansing agents (usually two anionic surfactants or an amphoteric and an anionic), foam booster (also a surfactant, most often an alkanola-mide), conditioner, viscosity improver (inorganic salts or cellulose derivatives), opacifier, dye, perfume, biostats (often esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid), and perhaps chelates (EDTA or citric acid). Propylene glycol or glycerin may be present to adjust solubility and viscosity. Depending on current fashion, other compounds will be present, such as vitamins and food or herb extracts (26,27). 

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