Cellobiose lipids

Mannosylerythritol lipids (Fig. 7), but not in association with cellobiose lipids, are also known from Candida antarctica T-34 [52,53], recently retermed to Pseudozyma sp. For biosynthesis studies, inhibitors of p-oxidation were used to clarify the fatty acid metabolism of MEL [54]. 2-Bromooctanoic acid drastically inhibited the lipid synthesis under growing and resting cell conditions. Moreover, the degree of the inhibition increased along with increases in both the inhibitor concentration and the chain length of the fatty acid substrate used. These results clearly provide additional... 

S., Marahiel, M.A. et al. (2007) A biosynthetic gene cluster for a secreted cellobiose lipid with antifungal activity from Ustilago maydis. Mol. Microbiol., 66, 525-533. 

Colvin155 was the first to postulate a lipid-bound D-glucose as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose. Lipid-sugar derivatives, tentatively identified as lipid-diphosphate-D-glucose, lipid-diphosphate-cellobiose, and, perhaps, higher polymers, were detected in this system.128 These lipid-sugar compounds, which were acid- and alkali-labile, seemed to be formed prior to cellulose, and their formation was inhibited by adding... 

Mortierella isabellina could grow on both C5 (arabinose, ribose, xylose, and mannose) and disaccharides (sucrose and cellobiose). When grown in the presence of model lignocellulosic inhibitor compounds, phenolic compounds were highly inhibitory, while furfural, 5-HMF, acetic acid, formic acid, and levulinic acid showed limited inhibition. Surprisingly acetic and formic acid improved lipid production by twofold as compared with that observed for the control. When grown on wheat straw, hydrolysate up to 53 % total lipids was obtained with a lipid yield of 16.8 % from the carbon sources (Zeng et al. 2013). 

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