Caterpillar motion

An analogy to sHp dislocation is the movement of a caterpillar where a hump started at one end moves toward the other end until the entire caterpillar moves forward. Another analogy is the displacement of a mg by forming a hump at one end and moving it toward the other end. Strain hardening occurs because the dislocation density increases from about 10 dislocations/cm to as high as 10 /cm. This makes dislocation motion more difficult because dislocations interact with each other and become entangled. SHp tends to occur on more closely packed planes in close-packed directions. 

The central argument of this chapter is that these bubbles cause recirculation in the slugs, resulting in a very efficient surface renewal near the gas/liquid interface. This is the focused action of surface tension the energy that is needed to cause flow in the channel leads to caterpillar-like motion that enhances the mass transfer. 

Bas-relief micromixers induce transversal motion, when miscible liquids are considered, to mix by convection [92,93]. In the gas-liquid case to be considered here, the mechanism for bubble formation is yet unclear, but likely related to shear forces coming from a similar liquid motion in the dispersed flow. Caterpillar mixers induce such transversal motion by ramp-like microstructures, lifted up and down, placed in one channel at the bottom and ceiling [4] (see also Ref. [S6]). Caterpillar mixers were developed as family of devices with grouped capacity using smart enlargement of the internal chaimel and have high volume flows, for example,... 

Dislocation motion is analogous to the mode of locomotion employed by a caterpillar (Figure 7.3). The caterpillar forms a hump near its posterior end by pulling in its last pair of legs a unit leg distance. The hump is propelled forward by repeated lifting and shifting of leg pairs. When the hump reaches the anterior end, the entire caterpillar has... 

Figure 7.3 The analogy between caterpillar and dislocation motion.

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