Cataract busulfan

Busulfan Nausea and vomiting rarely diarrhoea Bone marrow depression pulmonary infiltrates and fibrosis alopecia gynaccomasiia ovarian failure hyperpigmentation azoospermia leukaemia chromosome aberrations cataracts hepatitis seizures and veno-occlusive disease with high doses... 

Cataract due to busulfan has been reported after longterm administration (SEDA-1, 341) (13). 

A 49-year-old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia developed dense posterior subcapsular cataracts and punctate cortical opacities after taking busulfan for 5 years (15). Ultrastructural examination showed cortical liquefaction, with Morgagnian droplets involving primarily the region from the equator to the posterior subcapsular space, crystalloid rays, and abundant degenerate lens fiber membranes. 

Honda A, Dake Y, Amemiya T. [Cataracts in a patient treated with busulfan (Mablin powder) for eight years.] Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi 1993 97(10) 1242-5. 

Kaida T, Ogawa T, Amemiya T. Cataract induced by shortterm administration of large doses of busulfan a case report. Ophthalmologica 1999 213(6) 397-9. 

Hamming NA, Apple DJ, Goldberg MF. Histopathology and ultrastructure of busulfan-induced cataract. Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 1976 200(2) 139-47. 

The most frequent and serions side effect of bnsnlfan is bone marrow failure. Therefore, the hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cells, platelets, and differential counts should be monitored weekly. A rare complication of busulfan therapy is the development of bronchopnlmo-nary dysplasia with pulmonary fibrosis. Bnsnlfan is known to have caused cataract, hyperpigmentation of skin, adrenal... 

The toxic effects of busulfan are related to its myelosuppressive properties prolonged thrombocytopenia may occur. Occasional patients experience nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Longterm use leads to impotence, sterility, amenorrhea, and fetal malformation. Rarely, patients develop asthenia and hypotension. High-dose busulfan causes VOD of the liver in up to 10% of patients, as well as seizures, hemorrhagic cystitis, alopecia, and cataracts. The coincidence of VOD and hepatotoxicity is increased by its coadministration with drugs that inhibit CYPs, including imidazoles and metronidazole, possibly by inhibition of the clearance of busulfan and/or its toxic metabolites. 

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