Case Heterogenized ILs as Catalysts

The engineering modeling of IL environments is yet to emerge, and measurements of physico-chemical properties (such as viscosities, densities, gas solubilities, diffusion coefficients, toxicology, etc.) are only available for a very limited number of compounds. Moreover, new correlations need to be developed to account for, for example, the complex equilibrium behavior of ILs and traditional solvents. 

Ionic liquid and transition metal complex on ACC active carbon cloth-support 

FIGURE 9.37 The concept of IL and transition metal supported on an active carbon cloth (ACC) support. 

FIGURE 9.38 Mole fractions of components as a function of time upon hydrogenation of citral with a Pd/IL/ACC catalyst at 120°C, 20 bar. 

The utilization of classical reaction engineering and reactor technology has established itself long ago as a standard policy in the bulk industries. However, many other fields of chemical industries, such as pharmaceutical, alimentary, or paper and pulping industries, are only slowly beginning to discover the benefits of it. The reasons for this are several, such 

---