Fuel cell technology Carbonate

Figure 28. Isotherms of the shear viscosities of (Li, Na)2C03. (Reprinted from Y. Sato, T. Yamamura, H. Zhu, M. Endo, T. Yamazaki, H. Kato, and T. Ejima, Viscosities of Alkali Carbonate Melts for MCFC, in Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology, D. Shores, H. Mam, I. Uchida, and J. R. Selman, eds., p. 427, Fig. 9, 1993. Reproduced by permission of the Electrochemical Society, Inc.)...

Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology, Ed. by D. Shores, H. Mara, I. Uchida, and I R. Sehnan, The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ, 1993, p. 416. 

Fuel Cell Energy presented a computer model for predicting carbonate fuel cell performance at different operating conditions. The model was described in detail at the Fourth International Symposium on Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology, Montreal, Canada, 1997 (93). The model equations are listed as follows ... 

H.C. Mam, L. Paetsch, A. Pigeaud, in Proceedings of the Symposium on Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology, edited by R.J. Selman and T.D. Claar, The Electrochemical Society, Inc., Pennington, NJ, Pg. 20, 1984. 

M. Farooque, ERC, "Development on Internal Reforming Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology, Final Report," prepared for U.S. DOE/METC, DOE/MC/23274-2941, October, 1990, Pgs. 4-19-4-29. 

Development of Improved Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology," Final Report prepared by United Technologies Corp. for the Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, under Contract RP 1085-4, July 1983. 

W.H. Johnson, "Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology Improvement," Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 23 for the Period Ending May, 1990, prepared for US DOE/METC, DOE/MC/23270-2923, September 1990. 

T. Tanaka, et al., "Development of Internal Reforming Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology," in Proceedings of the 25th lECEC, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, New York, NY, August 1990. 

Kasai H., Suzuki A., Dissolution and Deposition of Nickel-Oxide Cathode in MCFC, Proc. Third International Symposium on Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology, vol. 93-3, p. 240. 

Nishina T., Yuasa K., Uchida I., Proc. 3rd Int. Symp. Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology, Honolulu, HI, May 1993, Proc. Vol. 93-3, The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ, p. 264. 

Molten carbonate fuel cell technology was developed based on the work of Bauers and Ehrenberg, Davy tan, and Broers and Ketelaar in the 1940s [8], The electrolyte is a molten salt such as sodium carbonate, borax, or cryolite. This type of fuel cell requires a high temperature to keep the electrolyte in a molten state. The following 30-40 years saw great successes, with the development of MCFCs and MCFC stacks that could be operated for over 5000 hours. 

OPTIMIZATION OF MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY... 

Pierce, R.D. Smith, J.L. Poeppel, R.B. A review of cathode development for molten carbonate fuel cells. In Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology, Proceedings Electrochemical Society, 1984 Vol. 84-13, 147-174. 

Maru, H.C. Paetsch, L. Pigeaud, A. Review of molten carbonate fuel cell matrix technology. Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology, PV. 84-13 Electrochemical Society Inc. Pennington, NJ, 1984 20-53. 

Wendt H, Bohme O, Leidich F U and BrenscheidtT (1993),Proc. of the 3rd Int. Symp. on Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology,The Electrochemical Society Proceedings Series 93-3, Massachussets,The Electrochem. Soc. Inc. 

Extended Abstracts of Electrochemical Society Meetings, especially Vol. 80-2, Hollywood (1980) which includes a Symposium on Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology. 

Farooque M., 1991. Development of internal reforming carbonate fuel cell technology, final report, prepared for U.S. DOE/METC, DOE/MC/23 274-2941, pp. 3-6 to 3-11. 

Bosio, B., Costamagna, P., Parodi, F., and Passalacqua, B. (1998) Industrial experience on the development of the molten carbonate fuel cell technology. 

Giddey S, Badwal SPS, Kulkami A, Mannings C (2012) A comprehensive review of direct carbon fuel cell technology. Prog Energ Combust 38 360-399. doi 10.1016/j.pecs.2012.01.003... 

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