Carbonaceous BOD

PG-ROUT was also used to predict LAS river-water concentrations as a function of United States river miles. Figure 9 shows the LAS concentrations predicted by PG-ROUT on a log scale versus the percentage of United States river kilometers with carbonaceous BOD (CBOD) and LAS as CBOD for comparison. LAS concentrations are predicted to be less than 0.004 mg/L for 90% and less than 0.020 mg/L for 95% of United States river kilometers. By comparison, CBOD is 9.8 mg/L for 95% of United States river kilometers. LAS expressed in terms of CBOD is 0.5% of the total CBOD at the 95th percentile. PG-ROUT predictions have not been conducted for AS or AES. 

Figure 9. LAS concentrations predicted by PG-ROUT versus United States river kilometers with carbonaceous BOD (CBOD) and LAS as CBOD for...

Ultimate carbonaceous BOD or CBOD—A BOD with the ammonia reaction inhibited. 

The first suspended growth process, now called the conventional activated sludge process, was developed to achieve carbonaceous BOD removal. However, since its inception, many modifications to the basic process have taken place. The variations in the activated sludge process are too numerous to be discussed in detail here. However, some of these are step aeration, contact stabilization, aerated lagoon, deep-tank aeration, and pure oxygen aeration. 

In this article, activated sludge process and some of its modifications are discussed at some length. Only the details of carbonaceous BOD removal from waste-water are included. 

Fig. 2-9. "First-order" representation of first-stage carbonaceous BOD,...

Suspended growth Activated sludge process Carbonaceous BOD removal ... 

Packed bed reactors Carbonaceous BOD removal nitrification Nitrification... 

Activated sludge, trickling filter nitrification Carbonaceous BOD removal nitrification... 

Suspended growth Single stage Carbonaceous BOD removal nitrification denitrification... 

Since automatic samplers generally include an inlet tube, the development of problematic biological films within the tube and control unit can arise. The influence of automatic sampling equipment on biological oxygen demand (BOD) test nitrification in nonnitrified final effluent has been evaluated [45]. Samples were tested for BOD, carbonaceous BOD,... 

Carbonaceous BOD (CBOD) is one of these variations. In this case, the effect of the nitrifying bacteria, which can also consume some more dissolved oxygen (DO), is avoided by means of chemical inhibition (i.e., by the addition of 2-chloro-6-(trichloro methyl) pyridine). 

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