Carbon zinc, primary characteristic

Carbon-Zinc Primary Low-Power Batteries and Their Characteristics... 

Alkaline Primary Cells, Fig. 8 Capacity loss on storage of various miniature alkaline cell systems compared to carbon-zinc and lithium-manganese dioxide cells. The lithium-based cells have significantly better storage characteristics compared to alkaline and carbon-zinc cells... 

Zinc-Carbon Battery. The Leclanche or zinc-carbon dry cell battery has existed for over 100 years and had been the most widely used of all the dry cell batteries because of its low cost, relatively good performance, and ready availability. Cells and batteries of many sizes and characteristics have been manufactured to meet the requirements of a wide variety of applications. Significant improvements in capacity and shelf life were made with this battery system in the period between 1945 and 1965 through the use of new materials (such as beneficiated manganese dioxide and zinc chloride electrolyte) and cell designs (such as the paper-lined cell). The low cost of the Leclanchd battery is a major attraction, but it has lost considerable market share, except in the developing countries, because of the newer primary batteries with superior performance characteristics. 

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