Carbon monoxide, separation

Scheme 7.19). Prototropic shift of the initial adduct to produce ROCHCl2 and, subsequently, the formate ester is a less favourable pathway. Alternatively, the carbon monoxide-separated ion-pair can lose a proton leading to an alkene, or cycloadducts derived from further reaction with the carbene. The formation of rearranged products from the reaction of 1 -hydroxymethyladamantane suggests that a relatively unencumbered carbenium cation can also be generated, which leads to a Nametkin rearrangement of the system [4]. 

J.C. Fetzer, RA. Bloxham, L.B. Rogers (1980) Gas chromatographic fractionations of the carbon and oxygen isotopes of carbon monoxide. Separ. Sci. Technol. 15, 49-56... 

Derivation (1) Made almost pure by placing a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide in contact with incandescent graphite, coke, or anthracite. (2) Action of steam on hot coke or coal (water gas) or on natural gas (synthesis gas). In the latter case, carbon dioxide is removed by absorption in amine solution, and the hydrogen and carbon monoxide separated in a low-temperature unit. (3) By-product in chemical reactions. (4) Combustion of organic compound with limited amount of oxygen, as in automobile cylinders. (5) Dehydration of formic acid. 

S.P. DiMartino, J.L. Glazer, C.D. Houston and M.E. Shott, Hydrogen/ Carbon Monoxide Separation with Cellulose Acetate Membranes, Gas Separation and Purification (September 1988). 

The main applications of PSA are to be found in the production of oxygen from air, dehumidification of gases and purification of hydrogen. Other applications include removal of carbon dioxide, recovery of radioactive waste gas, enrichment recovery of rare gases, purification of helium, purification of natural gases, separation of isomers and separation of carbon monoxide. Separation of iso-parafllns from normal paraffins is accomplished by using a shape-selective adsorbent such as a molecular sieve. Separation of carbon monoxide involves chemical adsorption on complex adsorbents. 

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