Carbon molecular electronics

The lowest energy molecular orbital of singlet methylene looks like a Is atomic orbital on carbon. The electrons occupying this orbital restrict their motion to the immediate region of the carbon nucleus and do not significantly affect bonding. Because of this restriction, and because the orbital s energy is very low (-11 au), this orbital is referred to as a core orbital and its electrons are referred to as core electrons. 

As the analytical, synthetic, and physical characterization techniques of the chemical sciences have advanced, the scale of material control moves to smaller sizes. Nanoscience is the examination of objects—particles, liquid droplets, crystals, fibers—with sizes that are larger than molecules but smaller than structures commonly prepared by photolithographic microfabrication. The definition of nanomaterials is neither sharp nor easy, nor need it be. Single molecules can be considered components of nanosystems (and are considered as such in fields such as molecular electronics and molecular motors). So can objects that have dimensions of >100 nm, even though such objects can be fabricated—albeit with substantial technical difficulty—by photolithography. We will define (somewhat arbitrarily) nanoscience as the study of the preparation, characterization, and use of substances having dimensions in the range of 1 to 100 nm. Many types of chemical systems, such as self-assembled monolayers (with only one dimension small) or carbon nanotubes (buckytubes) (with two dimensions small), are considered nanosystems. 

Ranganathan S, Steidel I, Anariba F, McCreery RL (2001) Covalently bonded organic monolayers on a carbon substrate a new paradigm for molecular electronics. Nano Lett 1 491 194... 

This initial attack of the ozone molecule leads first to the formation of ortho- and para-hydroxylated by-products. These hydroxylated compounds are highly susceptible to further ozonation. The compounds lead to the formation of quinoid and, due to the opening of the aromatic cycle, to the formation of aliphatic products with carbonyl and carboxyl functions. The nucleophilic reaction is found locally on molecular sites showing an electronic deficit and, more frequently, on carbons carrying electron acceptor groups. In summary, the molecular ozone reactions are extremely selective and limited to unsaturated aromatic and aliphatic compounds as well as to specific functional groups. 

Carbon nanotubes are increasingly recognized as a promising tool for surface functionalization. M.J. Esplandiu presents a state-of-the-art overview of their applications in electrochemistry. As with SAM s of organic molecules the great potential of carbon nanotubes lies, among others, in biochemical applications and in molecular electronics. 

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have potential applications in fields such as molecular electronics , conductive polymers , and energy storage. " - - ... 

Saratz (et al., 2005) reviewed carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and described potential applications in fields such as molecular electronics (Saratz et al 2005), conductive polymers (Saratz et al. 2005 Soussi et al., 2001 Daloglu, Yilmaz, and Alptikin 2004), and energy storage (Soussi et al. 2001 Daloglu et al., 2004, Mach and Tardy, 2001 Mach and Tardy, 2001). 

Fullerenes, Carbon Nanotubes, and Graphene for Molecular Electronics... 

Keywords Bottom-up Carbon nanomaterials Molecular conductance Molecular electronics Unimolecular electronic devices... 

The purpose of this review is to present recent developments on the utilization of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene in molecular electronics. 

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