Carbon dynamics controls

Rasmussen C, Tom MS, Southard RJ (2005) Mineral assemblage and aggregates control carbon dynamics in a California conifer forest. Soil Sci Soc Am J 69 1711-1721... 

Source Reprinted from Rasmussen, C.,Torn, M. S., and Southard, R. J. (2005). Mineral assemblage and aggregation control carbon dynamics in a Californian conifer forest. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 69,1711-1721, with permission from the Soil Science Society of America... 

On geological time scales, CO2 cycles between rocks, often by way of the ocean and atmosphere. The rock reservoirs include the mantle, continental carbonates, carbon in reduced form mostly in continental shales, and carbon (mostly carbonate) in or on the sea floor. The small volatile reservoir (ocean plus atmosphere) cycles through carbonate rock in a hundred thousand to a million years. Over longer periods free CO2 is dynamically controlled by processes that form carbonates at low temperatures and processes that decompose carbonates at high temperatures by (Urey) reactions of the form... 

Basile-Doelsch 1, Amundson R, Stone WEE, MasieUo CA, Bottero JY, ColinE, MasinE, BorschneckD and Meunier JD (2005) Mineralogical control of organic carbon dynamics in a volcanic ash soil on I-a Reunion. European Journal of Soil Science 56(6) 689-703... 

As ammonium carbamate stores more NH3, does not produce H2O during decomposition and needs less heat for decomposition, it is preferred over ammonium carbonate. Despite the difficulties associated with the dynamically controlled decomposition of ammonium carbamate, the system was tested for commercial applications [90, 91]. A light-duty application on a 5.9 L Diesel engine was presented and the use of ammonium carbamate was protected by the name Solid SCR [92]. 

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