Carbon black functional group

PREST and mosher Carbon Black Functional Groups... 

Carbon black can increase the thermal stability of many polymers because of its properties. Phenoxyl and quinoid groups on the surface of carbon black function as antioxidants. These groups also participate in the catalytic decomposition of peroxides which contributes to a reduction in degradation rate. Quinone, polynuclear structures, polyconjugated double bonds, and carbonyl groups all scavenge radicals. Many polymers and rubbers benefit from these properties of carbon black. 

For the second method the threshold concentration of the filler in a composite material amounts to about 5 volume %, i.e. below the percolation threshold for statistical mixtures. It is bound up with the fact that carbon black particles are capable (in terms of energy) of being used to form conducting chain structures, because of the availability of functional groups on their surfaces. This relatively sparing method of composite material manufacture like film moulding by solvent evaporation facilitates the forming of chain structures. 

A new method for achieving stable attachment of organic functional groups to carbon black surface using diazonium chemistry, has been applied to the 4-aminophenyl disulhde (APDS) precursor. ... 

It appears from the evolution of the adhesion index that a distinction has to be made between the interactions carbon blacks are able to have with unsaturated or with saturated (or near-to-saturated) elastomers. Thus, the adhesion index of butyl rubber is enhanced upon oxidation of the black, while the reverse is observed with polybutadiene 38). The improvement of the reinforcing ability of carbon black upon oxidation, in the former case, has been interpreted by Gessler 401 as due to chemical interactions of butyl rubber with active functional groups on the solid surface. Gessler, relating the reinforcing characteristics of the oxidized carbon black for butyl rubber to the presence of carboxyl groups on the surface of the filler, postulated a cationic... 

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