Capped notes comparison

Figure 8-139. Entrainment comparison sieve trays vs. bubble caps for 24-in. tray spacing. Note BCT = Bubble Cap Tray ST = Sieve Tray FP = Flow Parameter. Used by permission, Fair, J. R., Petro-Chem Engineer, Sept. (1961), p. 45, reproduced courtesy of Petroleum Engineer International, Dallas, Texas.

Note The above equations are not identical because the values for B obtained in the 1700-g bomb were somewhat lower than those obtained for the same expls in the 200-g bomb but the relative orders of the expls with respect to B were the same in both bombs. The difference betw the B values for each expl in the two bombs is attributed to the different thicknesses of the layers of sand betw the cap(contg the chge) and the walls of the two bombs Table II gives a comparison between D calcd by Rinkenbach and D obtained by averaging the various values in the literature... 

The comparison between the full numerical simulation of the transient flux and the predicted flux by the steady-state model is shown in Fig. 3a-c, which shows the predicted flux under diffusion controlled conditions (Fig. 3a), advective controlled conditions (Fig. 3b), and near equal diffusion and advection (Fig. 3c). The chemical parameters are for a PCB, which is a highly hydrophobic, low reactivity organic compound, and a typical sediment contaminant. The cap simiflated is 2 ft of sand. Note that the time required to achieve steady state is of the order of 10 -10 s or more than 3000-30 000 years in each simulation. The steady-state analytical model is shown with and without reaction. 

Do not perform this step until UV comparisons of all the plates are complete. When ready, place the plates in a jar containing a few iodine crystals, cap the jar, and warm it gently on a steam bath or warm hot plate until the spots begin to appear. Notice which spots become visible and note their relative colors. You can directly compare colors of the reference spots to those on the unknown plate(s). Remove the plates from the jar and record your observations in your notebook. 

All of the allowable vapor velocity rates [Fig. 16-13 and Eq. (16-8)] produce about the same degree of fractionation. Note also that the rates are based on the total free cross-sectional area of the tower and that actual velocities in the immediate region of the.part of the plate covered with caps is therefore higher. Linear velocity is altered so greatly by various conditions of temperature and pressure that it is not of much use for purposes of comparison. However, for estimating purposes Table 16-7 is helpful. 

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