CAMP response element binding receptors

Antidepressant treatment has, in recent studies, been shown to upregulate the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) cascade and expression of BDNF [59]. This upregulation of CREB and BDNF raises the possibility that antidepressant treatment could oppose the cell death pathway, possibly via increased expression of the oncogene Bcl-2. Studies are necessary to determine if antidepressant treatment increases Bcl-2 expression. Increased expression of Bcl-2 in brain and cultured cells, and inhibition of apoptosis of cultured cerebellar granule neurons have been reported with lithium treatment [57]. Mice lacking the BDNF TrkB receptor fail to show behavioral and neurogenic responses to antidepressants. 

Resveratrol preconditions the heart through activation of adenosine A3 receptors protecting the heart through a cAMP response element-binding (CREB)-dependent Bcl-2 pathway in addition to an Akt-Bcl-2 pathway (Das et al. 2005a, b). 

Das S, Tosaki A, Bagchi D, Maulik N, Das DK (2005b) Resveratrol-mediated activation of cAMP response element-binding protein through adenosine A3 receptor by Akt-dependent and -independent pathways. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 314(2) 762-769... 

Mao L, Wang JQ (2002) Glutamate cascade to cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation in cultured striatal neurons through calcium-coupled group I metabotropic glutamate receptors. Mol Pharmacol 62 473-484. 

Kawasaki, Y., Kohno, T., Zhuang, Z. Y., Brenner, G. J., Wang, H., Van Der Meer, C., Befort, K., Woolf, C. J., and Ji, R. R. (2004). Ionotropic and metabotropic receptors, protein kinase A, protein kinase C, and Src contribute to C-fiber-induced ERK activation and cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation in dorsal horn neurons, leading to central sensitization. J. Neurosci. 24, 8310-8321. 

Fig. 7. Model for activation by coactivators (A) and inhibition by corepressors (B) of transcription. Abbreviations CBP/p300, cAMP response element binding protein SRC-1, steroid receptor coactivator 1 TBP, TATA-binding protein TAF, TBP-associated factor pol II, RNA polymerase II N-CoR, nuclear receptor corepressor SMRT, silencing mediator of retinoic and thyroid hormone receptors.

Yan Z, Feng J, Fienberg AA, Greengard P (1999a) D(2) dopamine receptors induce mitogen-activated protein kinase and cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation in neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96 11607-11612. 

Nine cloned mammalian adenylylcyclases (ACs) can be activated by stimulatory a subunits (Gas) and several are modulated by inhibitory a subunits (Ckti) and/or Gp/y complexes. cAMP can activate the PKA, which in turn phosphorylates a wide range of substrates, such as the cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB). When PICA translocates to the nucleus and phosphorylates CREB, the latter is stimulated to regulate gene transcription. There are three mammalian phospholipase C (PLC) isoforms families PLC-P, PLC-y and PLC-6. The first is activated by serpentine receptors, while the second is stimulated by RTKs. 

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