Camoquin - Amodiaquin

Amodiaquin is also a structural analog of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, and it does not express any vital differences in terms of activity. Therefore it is used less often than the drugs described above. Synonyms of this drug are flavoquine and camoquin. 

Amodiaquine (Camoquin) is another 4-aminoquinoline derivative whose antimalarial spectrum and adverse reactions are similar to those of chloroquine, although chloroquine-resistant parasites may not be amodi-aquine-resistant to the same degree. Prolonged treatment with amodiaquine may result in pigmentation of the palate, nail beds, and skin. There is a 1 2000 risk of agranulocytosis and hepatocellular dysfunction when the drug is used prophylactically. 

Chloroquine (Aralen) Amodiaquine (Camoquin, as an alternate drug)... 

Several 4-aminoquinolines have now been tested and hydroxychloroquine sulphate (Plaquenil XLV, R =Et, R =CH2-CH2-OH), a closely related derivative of chloroquine, is known to possess antirheumatic properties similar to those of chloroquine . Amodiaquine (Camoquin, XLVl, R=NEt2) also possesses activity but seems to be too toxic for routine use . . . However, the closely-related amopyroquin (Propoquin, XLVI, R=pyrrolidino) appears to possess desirable clinical activity without serious toxicity . Drugs of the 4-aminoquinoline type in most frequent use are chloroquine phosphate, 250-500 mg daily, chloroquine sulphate, 200-400 mg daily, and hydroxychloroquine sulphate, 400-600 mg daily . A striking feature of this therapy is that beneficial effects are often not apparent until... 

Chloroquine and other aminoquinolines are used in the prophylaxis or therapy of malaria and other parasitic diseases. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are also used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Drugs in this class include chloroquine phosphate (Aralen ), amodiaquine hydrochloride (Camoquin ), hydroxychloroquine sulfate (Plaquenil ), mefloquine (Lariam" ), primaquine phosphate, and quinacrine hydrochloride (Atabrine ). Chloroquine overdose is common, especially in countries where malaria is prevalent, and the mortality rate is 10-30%. Quinine toxicity is described on p 326. 

Amodiaquine is a congener of chloroquine and is employed for the treatment of overt malarial attacks and for suppression. Although it is more active than chloroquine both in vitro and m vivo against certain strains of Plasmodium falciparum with decreased sensitivity to chloroquine, amodiaquine is not recommended for routine use in the treatment of such infections (1). It appears that phenolic hydroi l is essential to the activity of amodiaquine since the removal of this group depresses, and its methylation completely destroys antibacterial activity (2). Amodiaquine has been synthesized and patented under the name of Camoquin by Parke, Davis and Company in 1949 (3). It is used medicinally in the form of its dihydrochloride. 

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