Caloric theory, defined

Clapeyron s paper used indicator diagrams and calculus for a rigorous proof of Carnot s conclusion that the efficiency of a reversible heat engine depends only on the temperatures of the hot and cold heat reservoirs. However, it retained the erroneous caloric theory of heat. It was not until the appearance of English and German translations of this paper that Clapeyron s analysis enabled Kelvin to define a thermodynamic temperature scale and Clausius to introduce enffopy and write the mathematical statement of the second law. 

Theoretical analysis of DTA is based on the calculation of heat flux balances introduced by Factor and Hanks [610], detailed in 1975 by Grey [611], which premises were completed in 1982 by the consistent theory of Sestdk [1,3,612,613,616]. Tt was embedded within a caloric-like framework (cf Chapter 4) as based on macroscopic heat flows between large bodies (cells, thermostats). The need of a more quantitative calibration brought about the committed work of ICTAC [1,3,15,613-616,620] and the consequently published recommendations providing a set of the suitable calibration compounds. It was extended by use of pulse heating by defined rectangular or triangular electric strokes (see Chapter 13). 

---