Calculation of effective

In the present context, the term BLEVE is used for any sudden loss of containment of a liquid above its normal boiling point at the moment of its failure. It can be accompanied by vessel fragmentation and, if a flammable liquid is involved, fireball, flash fire, or vapor cloud explosion. The vapor cloud explosion and flash fire may arise if container failure is not due to fire impingement. The calculation of effects from these kinds of vapor cloud explosions is treated in Sections 4.3.3 and 5.2. 

Dimensionless numbers (Reynolds number = udip/jj., Nusselt number = hd/K, Schmidt number = c, oA, etc.) are the measures of similarity. Many correlations between them (known also as scale-up correlations) have been established. The correlations are used for calculations of effective (mass- and heat-) transport coefficients, interfacial areas, power consumption, etc. 

The calculation of effective dose equivalent is sometimes used even when reporting values for natural radioactivity. The concept of effective dose equivalent was developed for occupational exposures so that different types of exposure to various organs could be unified in terms of cancer risk. It is highly unlikely that the general population would require summation of risks from several sources of radiation exposure. 

The chief cases that are the subject of the problems here are zero, first and second order in spheres, slabs and cylinders with sealed flat ends, problems P7.03.03 to P7.03.ll. A summary of calculations of effectiveness is in P7.03.02. The correlations are expressed graphically and either analytically or as empirical curve fits for convenience of use with calculator or computer. A few other cases are touched on L-H type rate equation, conical pores and changes in volume. Nonisothermal reactions are in another section. 

Since theoretical calculation of effectiveness is uncertain and is moreover sensitive to operating conditions, for industrially important cases it is determined by such reaction tests. Common types of curve fits may be used. For ammonia synthesis catalyst, for instance, an equation is provided by Dyson Simon (IEC Fundam 7 605, 1968) in terms of temperature and... 

Fig. 12. Window shapes and weighting functions used in calculation of effective density from a given layout.

Random blocks and Latin Differences between batches, Calculation of effects with... 

Figure 2. Probit transformation of the sigmoidal concentration-effect curves of Figure 1 for calculation of effective concentrations as IC50, IC20, or IC19.

Horvath G and Kawazoe K. Method for the calculation of effective pore-size distribution in molecular-sieve carbon. J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 1983 16(6) 470-475. 

Since the range of the cohesive forces is much larger than the range of the repulsive forces, the surface layer will suffer, relative to bulk layers, a dilatation strain. In our model of quasi-independent (001) layers, we are interested only in intralayer quantities, which are thus amenable to the calculation of effects of the dilatation strain, to which the surface layer is assumed to respond linearly, with the elastic constatns of the bulk. Dilatation along the c axis will provide variations on our three parameters (the c distance, the monoclinic angle p, and the orientation of the surface molecules in their unit cells) as well as on the frequencies of the associated librations. 

Calculation of Effective Transport Properties on Reconstructed Porous Media... 

Here it is assumed that it is possible to use the concept of an effective diffusion coefficient without making too large an error. Hence the effect of micro properties will not be studied here and it is assumed the value of De is known. The discussion is restricted to the impact of the macro properties and reaction properties on the effectiveness factor. Furthermore only simple reactions are discussed. Generalized formulae are provided that enable calculation of effectiveness factor for varying properties of the catalyst or the reacting system. 

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