Burning voltage

Fig. 12. Amplitude noise spectra for a matrix line in glow discharge source (GDS) atomic emission spectrometry. Steel standard sample 218A (Research Institute CKD, Czech Republic) / 50 mA argon pressure 600 Pa burning voltage 900 V 0.35 m McPherson monochromator line Fe I 371.9 nm. (a) Without needle valve between the vacumm pump and the GDS, (b) with needle valve between the pump and the GDS. (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [40].)...

These were proposed in the 1970s for sample ablation use only [211]. Both the high voltage sparks, with mechanical or electronic interruption and a burning voltage of... 

Fig. 73. Electron microprobe (EPMA) line time 5 min gas flow 210 mL/min at 530 Pa scans (x-ray intensity in arbitrary units, versus argon pressure, burning voltage 1 kV current beam location) of burning spots of jet-assisted 58 mA. The scanned line is highlighted in Crimm-type glow discharge, (a) 0.5 mm jets white in the left-hand photograph. (Reprinted and (b) 0.2 mm jets sample brass sputtering with permission from Ref. [238].)...

Electrical arc sources for atomic emission spectrometry use currents of between 5 and 30 A, and the burning voltage between two electrodes of different polarity in the case of an arc gap of a few mm then ranges between 20 and 60 V. Dc arcs can... 

The Grimm lamp has an abnormal characteristic, the current is selected to be at 40-200 mA and the burning voltage is usually below 1 kV. Both in krypton as well as in neon the burning voltage is higher than in argon, but it also depends on the... 

With flat as well as pin form cathodes the discharge is usually operated at about 1 mbar, a gas flow rate of a few mL/min and the current is about 2-5 mA with a burning voltage of 500-1500 V. 

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