Burner double

Fig. 7. Plant for spray-drying of detergents and soaps. 1, Burner 2, air combustion 3, cold air fan 4, hot air generator 5, spray-drying tower 6, cleaning ring 7, no22les circuit 8, tower suction cyclones group 9, tower suction fan 10, double-flap dischargers 11, recovery powder cyclone 12, recovery powder fan 13, belt conveyor 14, air lift 15, air lift suction cyclones 16, air lift suction fan 17, double-flip dischargers 18, vibrating sieve.

SuRe [Sulphur recovery] A version of the Claus process in which the capacity of the plant is increased by using air enriched in oxygen in the production of the sulfur dioxide. There are two versions SURE SSB [Side Stream Burner], and SURE DC [Double Combustion], In the first, a small portion of the feed stream containing hydrogen sulfide is burnt sub-stoichiometrically in a second burner in the second, the hydrogen sulfide is oxidized in two stages, with cooling and sulfur separation between them. Both of these... 

The design of a conventional atomic absorption spectrometer is relatively simple (Fig. 3.1), consisting of a lamp, a beam chopper, a burner, a grating monochromator, and a photomultiplier detector. The design of each of these is briefly considered. The figure shows both single and double beam operation, as explained below. 

Figure 3.1 Schematic diagram of an AAS spectrometer. A is the light source (hollow cathode lamp), B is the beam chopper (see Fig. 3.2), C is the burner, D the monochromator, E the photomultiplier detector, and F the computer for data analysis. In the single beam instrument, the beam from the lamp is modulated by the beam chopper (to reduce noise) and passes directly through the flame (solid light path). In a double beam instrument the beam chopper is angled and the rear surface reflective, so that part of the beam is passed along the reference beam path (dashed line), and is then recombined with the sample beam by a half-silvered mirror.

The heating liquid is pure concentrated sulphuric acid, with which the bulb of the flask is three-quarters filled. The substance, in powder form, is introduced into a small, thin-walled capillary tube. Such tubes are made as follows from test tubes (preferably from damaged tubes which must, however, be clean and dry ). The tubes are rotated in the flame of the blow-pipe till soft and then drawn out rapidly already after short practice the student can strike the correct diameter, which should be 1 0-1 -5 mm. internally. Suitable portions of the drawn-out material are cut off with scissors. It is convenient to cut double lengths (about 12 cm.), so that by sealing each length in the middle (micro-burner) two melting-point tubes are obtained ready for use. 

In an attempt to understand the combustion mechanism of catalyzed double-base propellants, several investigators have conducted experiments to measure the burning rates of strands of liquid nitrate esters. The various measurement techniques were very similar to that employed in a conventional solid propellant strand burner. The liquid esters were placed in a tubular container, and the liquid surface regression speeds were measured by optical methods or by the fuse-wire method used in solid-propeUant strand burners. The only important difference between the solid and the liquid strand burning-rate measurements is that the liquid strand burning speed is very much dependent on the diameter of the container. 

They noticed that when ordinary salt was sprinkled into the flame of a Bunsen burner, a yellow line was seen through the spectroscope in exactly the position formerly occupied by the dark double line of the sun s spectrum known as the D-line. Attempting then to observe the dark D-line and the bright sodium line simultaneously, by allowing... 

Low-frequency oscillation in a rocket motor depends on the pressure exponent of propellant burning rate and the free volume of the chamber. [ -7] when a double-base propellant composed of nc(0 510), ng( - 55), and dep(0.120), with pbsa(0.015) as a platonizing catalyst, bums in a strand burner, the burning rate characteristicsmay be divided into four zones, as shown in Fig. 13.14. The pressure exponent varies between the pressure zones n = 0.44 in zone I above 3.7 MPa, n= 1.1 in zone II between 3.7 MPa and 2.1 MPa, n = 0.77 in zone III between 2.1 MPa and 1.1 MPa, and n = 1.4 in zone IV below 1.1 MPa. 

Burners or ovens have been constructed of iron, sometimes with double sides, so as to include a sheet of air between the two plates. By ibis means the burners could be kept at almost any desired tempers tore an arrangement could be made for causing a circulation of air if the burner should get too hot, or, on the contrary, should they got too. cold, tills air could be kept stagnant, and being a very bad conductor of heat, the burner would be allowed to rise to the desired temperature. It may be remarked here, that a burner ehould be kept so hot that each, charge of sulphur, as thrown in, will ignite without any fire or heat being applied. 

When varying the temperature of the catalyst, while keeping all other variables constant, it was noticed in laboratory devices (30), burning iso-octane containing TEL, that the retention of lead on monolithic catalysts does increase with temperature (10) in the 350°-760°C range. In burner experiments with monolithic base metal catalysts (21) lead retention doubled when the temperature was increased from 600° to 850°C. In dynamometer studies of pelleted catalysts, again, a temperature increase from 550° to 750°C caused a sevenfold increase in lead retention (23). 

Burner management controls, complete with flame scanners, purging, and cooling should be provided to ensure boiler safety. Supplementary firing should be limited to a fraction of the gas turbine load. The applicable safety codes are a function of the presence of fuel gas in the proximity. Precautions include the use of double stuffing glands with bleeds between the glands on... 

However, any spectrometer that uses CS and a double monochromator with an echelle grating makes it possible to reach any line within an extremely short period of time of much less than 1 s, as both the grating and the prism are stepper-motor controlled. This feature allows a fast sequential multi-element determination to be performed with the great advantage that flame conditions and burner... 

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