Bundle element

Fig. 13.22 (a) Proposed thermoelectric nanowire-based device within an alumina nanotemplate, (b) enlarged view of a few n-type and p-type nano-bundle elements connected electrically in series and arranged thermally in parallel (nanotemplate removed). Reprinted with permission from ref. [153]... 

Fig. 13. (A) The bundle element of Kargin and Slonimskii. (B) The regularly folded chain of Arzhakov et al., from Figs. 1 and 5 of ref. 25.

Microfilaments and Microtubules. There are two important classes of fibers found in the cytoplasm of many plant and animal ceUs that are characterized by nematic-like organization. These are the microfilaments and microtubules which play a central role in the determination of ceU shape, either as the dynamic element in the contractile mechanism or as the basic cytoskeleton. Microfilaments are proteinaceous bundles having diameters of 6—10 nm that are chemically similar to actin and myosin muscle ceUs. Microtubules also are formed from globular elements, but consist of hoUow tubes that are about 30 nm in diameter, uniform, and highly rigid. Both of these assemblages are found beneath the ceU membrane in a linear organization that is similar to the nematic Hquid crystal stmcture. 

Fig. 13. A hoUow-fibet reverse osmosis membrane element. Courtesy of DuPont Permasep. In this twin design, the feedwater is fed under pressure into a central distributor tube where half the water is forced out tadiaUy through the first, ie, left-hand, fiber bundle and thus desalted. The remaining portion of the feedwater flows through the interconnector to an annular feed tube of the second, ie, right-hand, fiber bundle. As in the first bundle, the pressurized feedwater is forced out tadiaUy and desalted. The product water flows through the hoUow fibers, coUects at each end of the element, and exits there. The concentrated brine from both bundles flows through the concentric tube in the center of the second bundle and exits the element on the right.

Fig. 20-1 Heating element tube bundle on a rectangular pattern.

Just inside the shell of the tube bundle is a cylindrical baffle F that extends nearly to the top of the heating element. The steam rises between this baffle and the wall of the healing element and then flows downward around the tubes. This displaces non-condensed gases to the bottom, where they are removed at G. Condensate is removed from the bottom of the heating element at H. This evaporator is especially suited for foamy liquids, for viscous liquids, and for those liquids which tend to deposit scale or crystals on the heating surfaces. Vessel J is a salt separator. 

Sequence conservation is, in general, much weaker than structural conservation. There are proteins, which are clearly not related in sequence but are closely related in 3D-stmcture and fold, like heamoglobin and myoglobin, which have similar functions. In many proteins, fold elements like 4-helical bundles are repeated. Classifications of known structural folds of proteins are organized in the SCOP or CATH database see e.g., http //scop.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/scop/. 

B8. Batch, J. M., and Hesson, G. M., Comparison of boiling burn-out data for 19-rod bundle fuel elements with wires and warts, HW 80391, G. E. Hanford Lab., Richland. Washington (1964). 

Rowe, D. S, 1970, COBRA II Digital Computer Program for Thermal Hydraulic Subchannel Analysis of Rod Bundle Nuclear Fuel Elements, BNWL 1229, Battelle Northwest Laboratory, Richland,... 

Because there are no sarcomeres in smooth muscle, there are no Z lines. Instead, the actin filaments are attached to dense bodies. These structures, which contain the same protein as Z lines, are positioned throughout the cytoplasm of the smooth muscle cell as well as attached to the internal surface of the plasma membrane. Myosin filaments are associated with the actin filaments, forming contractile bundles oriented in a diagonal manner. This arrangement forms a diamond-shaped lattice of contractile elements throughout the cytoplasm. Consequently, the interaction of actin and myosin during contraction causes the cell to become shorter and wider. 

A single optical fibre cannot be a suitable tool for the last mentioned application as well as for many others arranged in the reflection layout. For these applications individual optical fibres are collected to sets - bundles. Such optical elements are particularly convenient for image transmission. In chemical sensing, fibre bundles can be employed for remote Raman, fluorescence or absorption spectroscopy4,40, for visualisation etc. The... 

Furthermore, in the new interpretation money plays a key role in defining the way in which labour power is valued.4 This is contrasted with the labour embodied approach. The usual interpretation, which posits a bundle of subsistence goods whose labour content defines the value of labour power, short-circuits this relation, and makes money disappear as a mediating element in the situation (ibid. 43). Similarly, for Mohun (1994 405), in his defence of the new interpretation, money becomes in embodied labour accounts of value an irrelevance to theoretical explanation . In addition to providing a defence of the labour theory of value, the new interpretation offers a way of modelling capitalism as a system in which surplus value is appropriated in its money value-form. 

---