Building Effect Parameterization BEP models for NWP

This Section of the Chapter has been written after Martilli et al 2002 [393], 

The aim of the urban sub-layer parameterisation developed at the EPFL (Martilli et al., 2002 [393]) is to simulate the effect of buildings on a meso-scale atmospheric flow. It takes into account the main characteristics of the urban environment  

In the method developed by Martilli et al., 2002 [393] the contributions of every urban surface type (canyon floor, roofs and walls) on the momentum, heat and turbulent kinetic energy equation are computed separately  

The energy budget is computed for every mentioned surface (canyon floor, roofs and walls)  

In order to use the parameterisation of Martilli et al 2002 [393] in a mesoscale model a number of input parameters have to be evaluated. These parameters characterise the urban environment and they can be classified in three different groups  

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