Bubble formation during metal extraction processes

Bubble formation during metal extraction processes 

The evolution of gases, such as in dre example given above of dre formation of CO(g) in dre U airsfer of sulphur between carbon-saturated iron and a silicate slag, requires dre nucleation of bubbles before dre gas can be eliminated from the melt. The possibility of homogeneous nucleation seems unlikely, and the more probable source of gas bubbles would either be at the container ceramic walls, or on detached solid particles of the containing material which are 

In a number of reflning reactions where bubbles are formed by passing an inert gas tlrrough a liquid metal, the removal of impurities from the metal is accomplished by transfer across a boundaty layer in the metal to the rising gas bubbles. The mass uairsfer coefflcient can be calculated in this case by the use of the Calderbank equation (1968) 

---

Bubble formation during metal extraction processes... 

---