Browning radiation effects

Ward (Ref 15) and Brown and Williams (Ref 16) studied nitrobenzene with radiation > 3300A using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as solvent in degassed solns. The effects of low temp were also studied. An ESR signal, attributed to the C6HsN(02)H radical, was obtained with THF as solvent. No ESR signal was obtained when perfluoronaphthalene was added. They concluded that the triplet state of nitrobenzene was an intermediate... 

Cothem, C.R., D.J. Crawford-Brown, and M.E. Wrenn. 1990. Application of environmental dose-response models to epidemiology and animal data for the effects of ionizing radiation. Environ. Inter. 16 127-140. 

Pavia H, Cervin G, Lindgren A, Aberg P (1997) Effects of UV-B radiation and simulated herbivory on phlorotannins in the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 157 139-146 Pawlik JR (1993) Marine invertebrate chemical defenses. Chem Rev 93 1911-1922 Pettit GR, Kamano Y, Herald CL, Tuinman AA, Boettner FE, Kizu H, Schmidt JM, Baczynskyj L, Tomer KB, Bontems RJ (1987) The isolation and structure of a remarkable marine animal antineoplastic constituent dolastatin 10. J Am Chem Soc 109 6883-6885 Pfander H, Stoll H (1991) Terpenoid glycosides. Nat Prod Rep 8 69-95... 

Pavia H, Cervin G, Lindgren A, Aberg P (1997) Effects of UV-B radiation and simulated her-bivory on phlorotannins in the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 157 139-146... 

Macaya EC, Rothausler E, Thiel M, Molis M, Wahl M (2005) Induction of defenses and within-alga variation of palatability in two brown algae from the northern-central coasts of Chile effects of mesograzers and UV radiation. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 325 214-227 Martinez EA (1996) Micropopulation differentiation in phenol content and susceptibility to herbivory in the Chilean kelp Lessonia nigrescens (Phaeophyta, Laminariales). Hydrobiologia 326/327 205-211... 

Twentyman PR, Kallman RF, Brown JM. The effect of time between x-irradiation and chemotherapy on the growth of three solid mouse tumors. III. Cis-Diamminedichloro-platinum. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1979 5 1365-1367. 

Lelieveld P, Scoles MA, Brown JM, Kallmann RF. The effect of treatment in fractionated schedules with the combination of x-irradiation and six cytostatic drugs on the RIF-1 tumor and normal mouse skin. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1985 11 111-121. 

In 1937 Arnow showed that tyrosine could be converted into DOPA by ultraviolet radiation51 and that the DOPA produced in this manner was subsequently destroyed by further irradiation, the solutions becoming red-brown in color (presumably due to the formation of dopachrome).51 In 1939 Konzett and Weis reported that the blood pressure-raising effect of adrenaline solutions was lost on ultraviolet irradiation and that the solutions became colored and fluorescent the initial red color fades to reddish yellow.62 This phenomenon suggests the initial formation of adrenochrome, followed by its isomerization to adrenolutin, both of these compounds being virtually void of pressor activity. Similarly to the radiation-induced hydroxylation of tyrosine mentioned above, synephrine was first... 

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