Broadbalk experiment

J. F. Witty, P. J. Keay, P. J. Frogatt, and P. J. Dart, Algal nitrogen fixation on temperate arable fields the Broadbalk experiment. Plant Soil 52 151-164 (1979). 

D. J. Jenkinson, The nitrogen economy of the Broadbalk experiments 1. Nitrogen balance in the experiments. Report of the Rothamstead Experimental Station for... 

Figure 5.4. 13C CPMAS TOSS NMR spectra of free and bound fulvic and humic acids extracted from the woodland and stubbed sections of the Broadbalk experiment before and after incubation for about 5 months at 25 °C. Areas in black and gray indicate, respectively, a decrease and an increase of the corresponding signals after incubation. Reprinted from De Nobili, M., Contin, M., Mahieu, N., Randall, E. W., and Brookes, R C. (2008). Assessment of chemical stabilization of organic C in soils from the long-term experiment at Rothamsted (UK). Waste Management 28, 723-733, with permission from Elsevier.

Heckrath, G., Brookes, P.C., Poulton, P.R. and Gould-ing, K.W.T. (1995) Phosphorus leaching from soils containing different phosphorus concentrations in the Broadbalk Experiment. Journal of Environmental Quality 24, 904-91 0. 

Figure 2. The differential enthalpy of Ca 2K exchange (d(AHx/dx) as a function of fractional K saturation for the Batcombe series soils from various plots of the Broadbalk Classical Experiment at Rothamsted. 

Manured and unmanured soils from the Broadbalk continuous wheat experiment, Rothamsted, England. Geoderma 72,259-270. 

Soils from the Park Grass experiment and Broadbalk Wilderness, Rothamsted, England. Geoderma 91,173-190. 

De Nobili, M., Brookes, P. C., Contin, M., Mahieu, N., and Randall, E. W. (1999). Qualitative and quantitative changes in free and mineral bound humic and fulvic acids in the Broadbalk Classical Experiment at Rothamsted. Humic Substances Environ. 1, 17-21. 

Howard states further that the slow poisoning of the life of the soil by artificial manures is one of the greatest calamities which has befallen agriculture and mankind. The responsibility for this disaster must be shared equally by the disciples of Liebig and by the economic system under which we are living. The experiments of the Broadbalk field showed that increased crops could be obtained by the skilful use of chemicals. Industry at once manufactured these manures and organized their sale. 

DYKE G.V., GEORGE B.J., JOHNSTON A.E., POULTON P.R. and TODD A.D. 1982. The Broadbalk wheat experiment 1968-78 Yields and plant nutrients in crops grown continuously and in rotation. Rothamsted Annual Report, Pt 2, 5-44. 

Long-term experiments with winter wheat on Broadbalk field at Rothamsted (fig. 9.3) show fairly steady recovery shares for more than a century of cropping, between... 

Aerial view of Broadbalk field at Rothamsted (Hertfordshire), the site of the world s longest continuous agronomic experiments. Courtesy of Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpen-... 

---