British Petroleum refinery

Results of several recent epidemiological studies have examined the possible association between gasoline exposure and increased leukemia and kidney cancer risks. In a recent follow-up study of the cohort of 34,569 British petroleum refinery and 23,306 distribution workers, an SMR of 121 for kidney cancer was reported in distribution workers (Rushton 1993). In particular, an increase in kidney cancer risk (SMR=141) was noted in tank truck drivers. For refinery workers, the SMR was 101. In addition, excesses in leukemia mortality were found in distribution workers (SMR=121), but not refinery workers (SRM=73). For tank truck drivers, the SMR was 155. No estimate of exposure to hydrocarbons was provided in the study. 

More recently, British Petroleum (BP)37 39 produced two group III stocks, a 4 cSt BP HC-4 and a heavier HC-6 from the fractionator bottoms of their fuels hydrocracker at BP s Lavera, France, refinery. The total bottoms are solvent extracted to stabilize the final products, fractionated, and finally solvent dewaxed. The hydrocracker is operated in a severe mode (relative to lube hydrocracking) at a once-through conversion of 90% (in comparison, lube hydrocrackers may operate at conversions of only about 20%, and perhaps less with a very good quality feed). Like other hydrocracker-sourced group HI products, their compositions are virtually independent of feed source due to the extent of the molecular reorganization that occurs and the molecular structures that are required for those Vis. The properties of the HC-4 are compared in Table 7.26 with those of some competitive group I, II, and IV base stocks. It can be seen that the HC-4 closely resembles the more... 

One of the first problems to be addressed was how to transport the viscous crude oil from the field to the coast in which deep-conversion refineries or shipping terminals had been planned. It was clear that an innovative solution was required and a decade long research program was initiated, carried out mainly by INTEVEP, a research and development subsidiary of PDV. Joint ventures with the British Petroleum research center were undertaken along with the sponsoring of oriented basic research in national universities such as the Universidad de Los Andes and the Univer-... 

In 2005, an explosion at a British Petroleum (BP) refinery in Texas City, Texas killed 15 and injured over 100 persons [12,16]. 

This accident occurred on March 23, 2005 at the British Petroleum (BP) Texas City Refinery, the third largest oil refinery in fhe United States, when a hydrocarbon vapor cloud exploded at the isomerization process unit [8]. More specifically, on March 23, 2005 at the refinery, an isomerization unit s start-up whose raffinate tower was overfilled resulted in the raffinate overheating and pressure relief devices opening, and then consequently led to a flammable liquid geyser from a blow down stack unequipped with flare and then an explosion and fire [1,9]. The accident killed 15 workers and injured over 170 others [1,8,9]. 

Bacteria in the Stretford solution were first discovered in 1978 in a solution sample from a petroleum refinery in Illinois (Wilson and Newell, 1984). The British Gas Corporation insti-... 

By the year 2000, Iran was able to offer about 20 projects in gas and oil sector to investors. These included measures for development of sea deposits and for finishing the modernization of a number of refineries (for example, on an island Lavan). In March of 1998, Bow Valley Energy (Canada) and British Premier Oil signed a contract for 270 millions dollars for providing development of a sea oil field called Balal valued at an estimated 80 millions barrels of petroleum. But... 

The development of GC and the analysis of petroleum and petrochemicals have enjoyed a mutually beneficial relationship. Indeed, the first international symposium on vapor-phase (gas) chromatography was sponsored by the British Institute of Petroleum in 1956 (9). Papers describing the analysis of refinery gas, solvents, aromatics in coal-tar naphthas, and samples from the internal combustion engine were presented. Most of the work included in these presentations was done on homebuilt chromatographs. The first commercial gas chromatograph or vapor-phase fractometer was also described, along with the first ionization detector. 

Increasingly process plants are becoming small power producers. Grovemments are now beginning to offer incentives to small power producers. The Thai government, which buys the excess power from Esso s Sriracha refinery, is just one such example. The Alberta, Canada, government buys excess power from Syncrude Canada Limited, which produces 170,000 barrels of crude oil a day. The British power network buys excess power from Elf Acquitaine s Flotta terminal, which collects North Sea petroleum products. 

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