Pipes/ducts branching

The branching of pipes/ducts in pneumatic conveying has the following two main applications in industry. 

Manifold A section in the exhaust air ductwork of an air treatment system into which exhaust air enters from a number of orifices or ducts, or a header pipe in a fluid flow system that has branches. 

For dust extraction systems, the concentration of solids usually is quite low. For this reason, the methods employed to calculate pressure loss are based on air-only conditions. Comprehensive information is available (ASHRAE, 1985 ACGIH, 1992) to assist the designer in estimating the pressure loss caused by pipe branches, ducts, elbows, etc. 

---