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Bond and bonding length

Fig. 3.3 Hydrogen bonds and lengths showing the different types of hydrogen bonds, bond lengths and examples... Fig. 3.3 Hydrogen bonds and lengths showing the different types of hydrogen bonds, bond lengths and examples...
Bond length depends on the sizes of the bonded atoms and the number of electron pairs they share. Bond dissociation energy is the energy needed to break a covalent bond. Bond length and bond dissociation energy are directly related. [Pg.271]

As in the case of ions we can assign values to covalent bond lengths and covalent bond radii. Interatomic distances can be measured by, for example. X-ray and electron diffraction methods. By halving the interatomic distances obtained for diatomic elements, covalent bond radii can be obtained. Other covalent bond radii can be determined by measurements of bond lengths in other covalently bonded compounds. By this method, tables of multiple as well as single covalent bond radii can be determined. A number of single covalent bond radii in nm are at the top of the next page. [Pg.48]

Fig. 4. The average end-to-end-distance of butane as a function of timestep (note logarithmic scale) for both single-timestep and triple-timestep Verlet schemes. The timestep used to define the data point for the latter is the outermost timestep At (the interval of updating the nonbonded forces), with the two smaller values used as Atj2 and At/A (for updating the dihedral-angle terms and the bond-length and angle terms, respectively). Fig. 4. The average end-to-end-distance of butane as a function of timestep (note logarithmic scale) for both single-timestep and triple-timestep Verlet schemes. The timestep used to define the data point for the latter is the outermost timestep At (the interval of updating the nonbonded forces), with the two smaller values used as Atj2 and At/A (for updating the dihedral-angle terms and the bond-length and angle terms, respectively).
Very recently, we have developed and incorporated into the CHARMM molecular mechanics program a version of LN that uses direct-force evaluation, rather than linearization, for the fast-force components [91]. The scheme can be used in combination with SHAKE (e.g., for freezing bond lengths) and with periodic boundary conditions. Results for solvated protein and nucleic-... [Pg.255]

Although unconstrained dynamics is being considered here, the ideas extend to the case where bond lengths (and bond angles) are constrained. Also, the ideas are applicable to other than constant NVE simulations. [Pg.319]

Figure 2-91. Internal coordinates of 1,2-dichloroethane bond lengths and r2, bond angle a, and torsion angle r. Figure 2-91. Internal coordinates of 1,2-dichloroethane bond lengths and r2, bond angle a, and torsion angle r.
Search the literature for the experimental results for the H—O bond lengths and the H—O—H bond angle, and include a discussion of the comparison in your report. [Pg.111]

Write and run an MM3 input file for methane from scratch, that is, open an empty file and put in all the necessary infomiation to do the MM3 calculation on CH4. What is the enthalpy of formation of CH4 What are the C—H bond lengths and angles ... [Pg.168]

Here, Dg is the bond dissoeiation energy, rg is the equilibrium bond length, and a is a eonstant that eharaeterizes the steepness of the potential and determines the vibrational frequeneies. The advantage of using the Morse potential to improve upon harmonie-oseillator-level predietions is that its energy levels and wavefunetions are also known exaetly. The energies are given in terms of the parameters of the potential as follows ... [Pg.37]

For vibrational frequencies, one needs the derivatives of the energy E with respect to deformation of the bond lengths and angles of the molecule, so V is the sum of all changes in the electronic Hamiltonian that arise from displacements 5Ra of the atomic centers... [Pg.507]

Figure 1.3. Frontier orbital energies (eV) and confidents for acrolein and protonated acrolein. In the latter case the upper numbers refer to the situation where bond lengths and angles correspond to those of acrolein. The lower numbers are more suitable for a hydroxyallyl cation. The actual situation is assumed to be intermediate. The data are taken from ref. 104. Figure 1.3. Frontier orbital energies (eV) and confidents for acrolein and protonated acrolein. In the latter case the upper numbers refer to the situation where bond lengths and angles correspond to those of acrolein. The lower numbers are more suitable for a hydroxyallyl cation. The actual situation is assumed to be intermediate. The data are taken from ref. 104.
A somewhat dilferent way to define a molecule is as a simplified molecular input line entry specification (SMILES) structure. It is a way of writing a single text string that defines the atoms and connectivity. It does not define the exact bond lengths, and so forth. Valid SMILES structures for ethane are CC, C2, and H3C-CH3. SMILES is used because it is a very convenient way to describe molecular geometry when large databases of compounds must be maintained. There is also a very minimal version for organic molecules called SSMILES. [Pg.67]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.109 , Pg.111 , Pg.112 ]




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Bond Energies, Lengths, and Dipoles

Bond Length and Charge Transfer Dominance

Bond Length and Valence Angle Correlations in Ester Enolates

Bond Length, Cohesive Energy, and the Bulk Modulus

Bond Length, and Compressibility

Bond Lengths and Angles in Gas-Phase

Bond Lengths and Angles in Gas-Phase Molecules

Bond Lengths and Coordination Number

Bond Lengths and Covalent Radii

Bond Lengths and Valency Angles

Bond Lengths in Palladium and Platinum Analogues

Bond Relaxation in Length and Energy

Bond length and

Bond length and angle

Bond length and angles TbfTiCl

Bond length, contractions and

Bond lengths and hybridization

Bond lengths and ionization

Bond lengths and ionization energies

Bond lengths and rotational

Bond lengths and rotational barriers

Bond lengths and strengths

Bond lengths hybridisation and

Bonds, chemical lengths and angles

Computed Bond Lengths and Angles

Covalent Bond Lengths and Interatomic Distances

Covalent Bonding II Diatomic Molecules Bond Lengths and Strengths

Distances and bond lengths

Electron Delocalization, Resonance and Bond Length Alternation

Electronegativity bond length and

Enthalpy bond length and

Homoleptic dithiolenes bond lengths and angles

Inorganic compounds bond lengths and angles

Molecular distortions in metal-containing compounds bond length and angle changes

Molecules bond lengths and angles

Organic compounds bond lengths and angles

Strengths and Lengths of Covalent Bonds

The Problems of Measuring Hydrogen-Bond Lengths and Angles in Small Molecule Crystal Structures

Tian Series Covalency and Bond Length

Transition metals bond lengths and angles

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