Methanol, bond angles

The carbon that bears the functional group is sp hybridized m alcohols and alkyl halides Figure 4 1 illustrates bonding m methanol The bond angles at carbon are approximately tetrahedral as is the C—O—H angle A similar orbital hybridization model applies to alkyl halides with the halogen connected to sp hybridized carbon by a ct bond Carbon-halogen bond distances m alkyl halides increase m the order C—F (140 pm) < C—Cl (179 pm) < C—Br (197 pm) < C—I (216 pm)... 

Use Learning By Modeling to make models of water methanol dimethyl ether and di tert butyl ether Mini mize their geometries and examine what happens to the C—O—C bond angle Compare the C—O bond dis tances in dimethyl ether and di tert butyl ether... 

Diffuse functions have very little effect on the optimized structure of methanol but do significantly affect the bond angles in negatively charged methoxide anion. We can conclude that they are required to produce an accurate structure for the anion by comparing the two calculated geometries to that predicted by Hartree-Fock theory at a very large basis set (which should eliminate basis set effects). 

One after the other, examine methanol dimer and acetic acid dimer. Do the hydrogen-bond lengths in these systems differ significantly from the optimum distance in water dimer Are the hydrogen-bond angles in these compounds significantly different from those in water dimer Rationalize your results. 

Like the carbon atom in methane and the nitrogen atom in methylamine, the oxygen atom in methanol (methyl alcohol) and many other organic molecules can also be described as sp3-hybridized. The C-O-H bond angle in methanol is 108.5°, very close to the 109.5° tetrahedral angle. Two of the four sp3 hybrid... 

Alcohols and phenols have nearly the same geometry around the oxygen atom as water. The R-O—H bond angle has an approximately tetrahedral value (109° in methanol, for example), and the oxygen atom is sp3-hybridized. 

---