Hydrogen compounds, boiling points

I-Butanol can hydrogen bond with itself but diethyl ether cannot, so 1-butanol molecules are held together more strongly in the liquid and therefore I-butanol has the higher boiling point. Both compounds can form hydrogen bonds with water and therefore have similar solubilities. 

As shown by the curve, the boiling points of the normal alkanes rise smoothly as the length of the carbon chain increases. Note from the table, however, that chain branching causes a decrease in boiling point (each compound in the table has the same number of carbons and hydrogens, C5H12). 

The —OH group of phenols makes it possible for them to participate m hydrogen bonding This contributes to the higher boiling points and greater water solubility of phenolic compounds compared with arenes and aryl halides... 

Hydrogenation of the aromatic ring to form naphthenic compounds has been proposed as a route to faciUtate the separation of the Cg aromatic isomers (31). The spread in boiling points of the naphthenic compounds is 12°C vs a spread of 8°C for the aromatic compounds. However, the cycloparaffinic products obtained from OX and EB boil only 3°C apart, impeding the separation. 

By-products from EDC pyrolysis typically include acetjiene, ethylene, methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, 1,3-butadiene, vinylacetylene, benzene, chloroprene, vinyUdene chloride, 1,1-dichloroethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane [71-55-6] and other chlorinated hydrocarbons (78). Most of these impurities remain with the unconverted EDC, and are subsequendy removed in EDC purification as light and heavy ends. The lightest compounds, ethylene and acetylene, are taken off with the HCl and end up in the oxychlorination reactor feed. The acetylene can be selectively hydrogenated to ethylene. The compounds that have boiling points near that of vinyl chloride, ie, methyl chloride and 1,3-butadiene, will codistiU with the vinyl chloride product. Chlorine or carbon tetrachloride addition to the pyrolysis reactor feed has been used to suppress methyl chloride formation, whereas 1,3-butadiene, which interferes with PVC polymerization, can be removed by treatment with chlorine or HCl, or by selective hydrogenation. 

Carbon tetrachloride (as well as a number of other halogen compounds) greatly accelerates the reaction between magnesium and alcohol. If anhydrous alcohol is used the reaction will start in the course of some time without heating, whereas 99.5 per cent alcohol has to be heated nearly to the boiling point before the evolution of hydrogen becomes rapid. 

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