Blow-lamp 82 -pipe

Dalton then deals with heats of combustion, explaining the evolution of heat as due to the diminished capacities of the products (Crawford s theory). In his experiments with gases, a known quantity in a bladder was burnt at a jet and the flame allowed to touch the concave bottom of a metal calorimeter containing water. Liquids were similarly burned in a lamp. Solids were burned on a stand under the calorimeter, except charcoal, which was burned by a gentle blast from a blow-pipe, directing the heat as much as possible upon the bottom of the vessel . He gives tables of results for i lb. of each, with... 

Johann Kunckel (1613-1703) seems to have been one of the first to use the blowpipe for analytical purposes. Using charcoal as a support for the sample, placed in a cavity, he could obtain valuable information about the sample composition by blowing on it with a pipe through the flame of a strong lamp. This technique was developed and used by chemists, mineralogists and metallurgists in the 18 century, especially in Sweden. 

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