Blackbird European

Wolfe MF, Kendall RJ. 1998. Age-dependent toxicity of terbufos and diazinon to European starlings (Stumis vulgaris) and red-winged blackbirds (Agelaiusphoeniceus). Environ Toxicol Chem 17 1300-1312. 

Meyers, S.M., B.T. Marden, R.S. Bennett, and R. Bentley. 1992. Comparative response of nestling European starlings and red-winged blackbirds to an oral administration of either dimethoate or chlorpyrifos. Jour. Wild. Dis. 28 400-406. 

Birds do not necessarily distinguish palatable and unpalatable prey by odor. Free-ranging European birds such as chaffinch, house sparrow, robin, starling, blackbird, and song thrush recognized bread pieces treated with quinine and mustard powder only by their size, but not other visual cues or smell. This has a bearing on model-mimic relationships. Batesian mimics are often smaller than their unpalatable models (Marples, 1993). 

Espaillat, J.E. J.R. Mason. 1990. Differences in taste preference between red-winged blackbirds Agelaius phoeniceus) and European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). Wilson Bull. 102 292-299. 

---