Bitter, Francis

Gene Dresselhaus, Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA... 

Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology,... 

Bitter magnet An ironless magnet consisting of stacked layers of pierced copper disks. Named after Francis Bitter of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 

Galileo carried out his inclined plane experiments with balls as spherically perfect as possible rolling down a plane as smooth as possible. Thereby he hoped to avoid complications due to air resistance and friction. These he felt could be incorporated later, once the basic ideal law was established. Francis Bacon objected bitterly to this procedure, demanding that the phenomena of nature be looked at in all their complexity, that hypotheses were to be developed by recognizing what all the phenomena had in common. By that path he claimed he had found that heat was a form of motion. 

It is a pleasure to acknowledge the advice and assistance of many colleagues at the Francis Bitter National Magnet Laboratory in the preparation of this paper, notably D. B. Montgomery, P. Marston, and J. E. C. Williams. The author is also grateful to all those who supplied information, especially M. S. Lubell, P. Haubenreich, W. V. Hassenzahl, J. Powell, P. Komarek, T. Parain, K. Yasukochi, D. N. Cornish, B. J. Maddock, Y. Aiyama, M. C. Jones, and J. N. Luton. 

This work was supported in part by the NationaJ. Institutes of Health through Grants GM 23316 and GM 23289 and hy the National Science Foundation through contract C>-670 to the Francis Bitter National Magnet Laboratory. 

John D. Litster Francis Bitter National Magnet Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139 USA... 

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