Bisphosphonium salts reduction

Oxidative coupling55 of the acetylenic alcohol 146 under Eglinton conditions followed by acidic treatment of the product gave the aldehydes 147 (37%) and 148 (8%). Wittig reaction of aldehyde 147 and the bisphosphonium salt 120 with 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene as base gave the [21]annulenone 149. This on reduction with lithium aluminium hydride-aluminium chloride gave the homoannulene... 

Unsaturated bisphosphonium salts have been also studied182,763,764. On mercury cathodes, in unbuffered or acidic aqueous-organic media, the electrochemical reduction was shown to be controlled by the ylide character of the first-formed radicals, which then exclusively induced a heterolytic P—C bond breaking on the unsaturated bridge182 (Scheme 10). 

SCHEME 10. Reduction mechanism of 1,2-vinylene and buta-l,4-dienylene bisphosphonium salts (counterion omitted)182. 

The one-electron electrochemical reduction of 1,2-vinylene and buta-l,4-dienylene bisphosphonium salts at a mercury cathode produces an ylide character by the reaction pathway depicted in reactions 11—13. The mechanism is altered when OH is generated in the unbuffered aqueous-organic medium this reaction is depicted as reaction 14. The electrochemical reduction of phosphonium salt in the presence of tri-p-anisylphosphine produces a mixture of the saturated or semi-saturated bisphosphonium salts through either reaction scheme 15 or alternatively 16. 

The treatment of [bis(phenyliodonium)]ethyne ditriflate with triphenylphosphine has also been investigated40,41. The products depend on the stoichiometric ratios of the reactants. Thus, with one equivalent of triphenylphosphine, a monoiodonium-monophos-phonium derivative of acetylene is obtained, but with two equivalents of the phosphine, [bis(triphenylphosphonium)]ethyne ditriflate is produced (equation 72). When three equivalents of triphenylphosphine are employed in acetonitrile spiked with H20 or D20, a fram -alkenediyl bisphosphonium salt is generated (equation 73)41. The reduction of the triple bond and formation of triphenylphosphine oxide in this reaction is thought to proceed at the bisphosphonium alkyne stage41. 

The di-trans isomer 206 was isolated from the products of the reaction of 190 with the bisphosphonium salt 205 in the presence of lithium ethoxide. The reaction of 207 (obtained by the oxidative coupling of 206, with dimethyl sulphate followed by reduction with sodium hydrosulphite) yielded the cyclic compound, containing the dihydropyridine nucleus, 208a. Lithium aluminium hydride reduction of 207 yielded... 

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