Biphasing chemical protection

It is often useful to keep some of the reactants or the products in separate phases (principle of chemical protection by phase separation [53]). For instance, when the reaction is inhibited by its own substrate having the latter in an other phase than the one in which the catalyst is dissolved helps to eliminate long induction periods or complete stop of the reaction. An example is the biphasic hydrogenation of aldehydes with the water-soluble... 

In this section we describe a strategy generally called chemical protection by biphasing and another in which biphasing is used to dramatically enhance the scope of homogeneous catalysis through development and use of novel catalysts characterized by their water solubility. The potential of the latter appears to be enormous. 

Industrial environments expose individuals to a plethora of airborne chemical compounds in the form of vapors, aerosols, or biphasic mixtures of both. These atmospheric contaminants primarily interface with two body surfaces the respiratory tract and the skin. Between these two routes of systemic exposure to airborne chemicals (inhalation and transdermal absorption) the respiratory tract has the larger surface area and a much greater percentage of this surface exposed to the ambient environment. Or dinary work clothing generally restricts skin exposures to the arms, neck, and head, and special protective clothing ensembles further limit or totally eliminate skin exposures, but breathing exposes much of the airway to contaminants. 

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