Spinosyns biosynthetic gene cluster

Gaisser S, Lill R, Wirtz G et al (2001) New erythromycin derivatives from Saccharopoly-spora erythraea using sugar O-methyltransferase from the spinosyn biosynthetic gene cluster. Mol Microbiol 41 1223-1231... 

The rapid progress in polyketide biosynthesis allowed to identify the biosynthetic gene clusters of several Diels-Alder adducts such as equisetin, chaetoglobosin, spinosyn, chlorothricin, and kijanimicin. Possible enzymes that catalyze the corresponding Diels-Alder reaction in the biosynthesis of these polyketides will be discussed. 

As the source for the family of novel tetracyclic macrolide polyketides, the spinosyns [21, 22] were found to be secondary metabolites of the soil bacterium actinomycete Saccharopolyspora spinosa [23, 24]. The spinosyn biosynthetic gene cluster has been cloned from S. spinosa and sequenced, and the results have been used to formulate a proposed biosynthetic pathway [25] (Chapter 29.3). 

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