Biosynthesis inducible regulation

A number of stimuli are known to act as inducers of TNF production (Table 9.6). Bacterial LPS represents the most important inducer, and TNF mediates the pathophysiological effects of this molecule. TNF biosynthesis is regulated by both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Macrophages appear to express TNF-a mRNA constitutively, which is translated only... 

Schmidt, J.A. Abdulla, E. (1988). Down regulation of IL-ip biosynthesis by inducers of the heat shock response. J. Itmnunol. 141, 2027—2034. 

Additional evidence came from the finding that sex pheromone production could be stimulated in male houseflies that do not normally produce detectable sex pheromone components. Male houseflies were found to have longer chain alkenes, Z9-27 H,but did not have Z9-23 H. Implantation of ovaries into male houseflies resulted in a change in hydrocarbon biosynthesis such that the longer chain alkenes were not made but rather they produced the shorter chain length Z9-23 H [240]. Likewise, injection of 20-hydroxyecdysone into males induced sex pheromone production in a dose-dependent manner. These studies demonstrated that males possess the biosynthetic capability to produce sex pheromone, but normally do not produce the 20-hydroxyecdysone necessary to induce sex pheromone production. Males became an excellent model in which to study the hormonal regulation of pheromone biosynthesis in the housefly. 

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