Biomacromolecules electron transfer

T Ichiye, RB Yelle, JB Koerner, PD Swartz, BW Beck. Molecular dynamics simulation studies of electron transfer properties of Ee-S proteins. Biomacromolecules Erom 3-D Structure to Applications. Hanford Symposium on Health and the Environment 34, Pasco, WA, 1995, pp 203-213. 

A.E.F. Nassar, W.S. Willis, and J.F. Rusling, Electron transfer from electrodes to myoglobin facilitated in surfactant films and blocked by adsorbed biomacromolecules. Anal. Chem. 67, 2386-2392 (1995). 

The red-ox processes of biomacromolecules play an essential role in living systems a series of electron-transfer reactions between donor and acceptor substances, immobilized in the membrane or dissolved in the aqueous phase, are involved in the conversion of solar energy in photosynthetic systems or in the cell respiration process. The catalytic role of proteins in signal transduction pathways mediating substrate metabolism in living process is well known. 

Zoppe, J., Habibi, Y., Rojas, O.J., Venditti, R.A., Johansson, L.-S., Efimenko, K., Osterberg, M., Laine, J. 2010. Poly(N-lsopropylacrylamide) Brushes Grafted from Cellulose Nanocrystals via Surface-Initiated Single-Electron Transfer Living Radical Polymerization. Biomacromolecules 11 2683-2691. 

In addition to its quantitative aspects, adsorptive stripping voltammetry provides important contributions to our knowledge of biological compounds. In particular, considerable recent activity in our laboratory has focussed on the achievement of direct electron traiisfer for various biomacromolecules. The strategy here is to form the protein/-electrode complex , essential for a facile redox process, using an unmodified electrode. Electron-transfer rates are known to decay rapidly (exponentially) upon increasing the distance between the electrode and the redox center of the biomacromolecule. Binding of such molecules to the surface may thus be effective for electron-transfer enhancement. Other laboratories have concentrated on the use of electrode modifiers (e.g.,... 

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